Hack The Sec-Leading Resource Of Linux Tutorial: Linux-Server

How to Setup DHCP server on ubuntu 14.04

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<span style="color: #990000;"><i><u>Setup DHCP server on ubuntu 14.04</u></i></span></h1>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 19.8400001525879px;">The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (</span><b style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 19.8400001525879px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol">DHCP</a></b><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 19.8400001525879px;">) is a network protocol used to assign IP</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 19.8400001525879px;"> addresses and provide configuration information to devices such as </span><b style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 19.8400001525879px;">servers</b><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 19.8400001525879px;">, desktops, or </span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 19.8400001525879px;">mobile devices, so they can communicate on a network using the Internet Protocol (IP).</span></div>
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<h2 style="background-color: white; clear: both; font-family: Trebuchet, 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-weight: normal; height: auto; line-height: 28px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 614px;">
<span style="color: #0b5394;">DHCP server on <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/Ubuntu">ubuntu</a> 14.04</span></h2>
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<span style="color: #222222;">Before installation, Make sure you have assigned static IP to the server.</span><br /><strong style="color: #222222;">Step 1 :</strong><span style="color: #222222;"> Issue the below command to update repository.</span><br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">root@hackthesec:~$ sudo apt-get </span><span style="color: lime;">update</span></code><br /><strong style="color: #222222;">Step 2 </strong><strong style="color: #222222;">:</strong><span style="color: #222222;">  Now install <b>isc-dhcp-server</b> package and dependencies.</span><br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">root@hackthesec:~$ sudo </span><span style="color: lime;">apt-get install</span><span style="color: white;"> isc-dhcp-server -y</span></code><br /><strong style="color: #222222;">Step 3 </strong><strong style="color: #222222;">:</strong><span style="color: #222222;">  After installing, open </span><strong style="color: #222222;">/etc/default/isc-dhcp-server</strong><span style="color: #222222;"> file and assign interface.</span><br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">root@hackthesec:~$ sudo nano /etc/default/</span><span style="color: lime;">isc-dhcp-server</span><br /><span style="color: white;">INTERFACES="</span><span style="color: lime;">eth0</span><span style="color: white;">"</span></code><br /><strong style="color: #222222;">Step 4 </strong><strong style="color: #222222;">:</strong><span style="color: #222222;">  We need to define below values in </span><span style="color: red;"><strong>dhcpd.conf</strong> </span><span style="color: #222222;">file located in </span><strong><span style="color: red;">/etc/dhcp/ </span></strong><span style="color: #222222;">directory.</span><br /><strong><u><span style="color: #0b5394;">Example:</span></u></strong></div>
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<code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;">Network : 192.168.100.0/24</span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;">Range : 192.168.100.20 ( Starting IP ) – 192.168.100.100 ( Ending IP )</span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;">Gateway : 192.168.100.1</span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;">Primary DNS : 192.168.100.5</span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;">Sec DNS : 8.8.8.8</span></span></code></code></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Trebuchet, 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 30px;">Take backup copy before making changes to the original file .Better rename the file and create a new one .</span><br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">root@hackthesec:~$ sudo mv /etc/dhcp/</span><span style="color: lime;">dhcpd</span><span style="color: white;">.conf /etc/dhcp/</span><span style="color: lime;">dhcpd.conf.org</span></code><br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">root@hackthesec:~$ sudo nano </span><span style="color: lime;">/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf</span></code></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Trebuchet, Trebuchet MS, Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 30px;">and add the below code after making changes as per your network values.</span></span><br />
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<code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;">default-lease-time 600;</span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;">max-lease-time 7200;</span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;"># If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local</span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;"># network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented.</span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;">authoritative;</span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;"># Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also</span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;"># have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection).</span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;">log-facility local7;</span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;"><br /></span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;">subnet 192.168.100.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {  #network</span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>range 192.168.100.20 192.168.100.100; # Range</span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>option domain-name-servers 192.168.100.5, 8.8.8.8; #Pri DNS , Sec DNS</span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>option domain-name "hackthesec.co.in"; #Domain name </span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>option routers 192.168.100.1; #Gateway</span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>option broadcast-address 192.168.100.255; #Broadcast</span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>default-lease-time 600;</span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>max-lease-time 7200;</span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;">}</span></span></code></code></div>
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<strong style="color: #222222;">Step 5 »</strong><span style="color: #222222;"> Now start/restart dhcp service using the below command.</span><br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">root@hackthesec:~$ sudo service </span><span style="color: lime;">isc-dhcp-server restart</span></code></div>
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<u>Address Reservation</u></h3>
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Sometimes you need to reserve IP to some devices like printers, camera, linux machines etc.<br />In this case, first you need to find MAC Address of that device and define values in that particular subnet.<br />For example, Printer with <b>00:DD:HD:66:55:9B</b> MAC Address has to be assigned with 192.168.100.50 IP. For this, you need to add code like below to that subnet.</div>
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<code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: lime; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;">subnet 192.168.100.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {  #network</span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;">       -  -   -    -   -  </span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;">       max-lease-time 7200;</span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;">     host printer-finance {</span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;">                hardware ethernet 00:DD:HD:66:55:9B; </span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;">                fixed-address 192.168.100.50;</span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;">        }</span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;">       host cam-gate {</span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;">                hardware ethernet 00:KK:HD:44:55:22;</span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;">                fixed-address 192.168.100.90;</span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;">        }</span></span></code><code style="border-radius: 5px; display: block; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, MS Sans Serif, sans-serif, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px;">}</span></span></code></code></div>
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<span style="color: #222222;">And restart DHCP service.</span><br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">root@hackthesec:~$ sudo service </span><span style="color: lime;">isc-dhcp-server</span><span style="color: white;"> restart</span></code><pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/" style="color: #999999; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Hack The Security</a>
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How to Setup DHCP server on ubuntu 14.04

Setup DHCP server on ubuntu 14.04 The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a network protocol used to assign IP addresses and provide configuration information to devices such as servers, d…

01 Feb 2016

How to install VNC server on Centos 7

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<span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "trebuchet" , "trebuchet ms" , "arial" , "verdana" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 30px;"><b>VNC </b>server is used to connect and control desktop environment of the server from remote clients. <b>VNC viewer</b> is used on remote computer to connect the server .</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "trebuchet" , "trebuchet ms" , "arial" , "verdana" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 30px;">In the article we can learn about how to install vnc server on <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/Centos">centos 7</a> . we can use the default packages provided in the <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/Centos">centos </a>yum repository.</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet" , "trebuchet ms" , "arial" , "verdana" , sans-serif; line-height: 30px;"><strong style="font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; line-height: 19.2px;"><a class="titlex" href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/2016/01/how-to-setup-x11vnc-server-on-ubuntu.html" style="display: block; font-family: 'Open Sans', serif, sans-serif; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 5px 0px 0px; max-height: 36px; overflow: hidden; text-decoration: none;"></a></strong></span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #0b5394; font-family: "trebuchet" , "trebuchet ms" , "arial" , "verdana" , sans-serif; font-size: 24px; line-height: 28px;">Install vnc server on centos 7</span><br />
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<span style="color: #222222;">Let’s start. If you don’t have desktop environment ( </span><b><span style="color: magenta;">X windows</span></b><span style="color: #222222;"> ), issue the below commands one by one to install. It will take few minutes to install packages.</span></div>
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<br />
<code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# yum check-update<br />[root@</span><span style="color: white;">hackthesec </span><span style="color: white;">~]# yum groupinstall "X Window System"<br />[root@</span><span style="color: white;">hackthesec </span><span style="color: white;">~]# yum </span><span style="color: lime;">install gnome-classic-session gnome-terminal</span><span style="color: white;"> nautilus-open-terminal control-center liberation-mono-fonts</span><br /><span style="color: white;">[root@</span><span style="color: white;">hackthesec </span><span style="color: white;">~]# </span><span style="color: lime;">unlink /etc/systemd/system/default.target</span><br /><span style="color: white;">[root@</span><span style="color: white;">hackthesec </span><span style="color: white;">~]# ln -sf /lib/systemd/system/graphical.target /etc/systemd/system/default.target</span><br /><span style="color: white;">[root@</span><span style="color: white;">hackthesec </span><span style="color: white;">~]# </span><span style="color: lime;">reboot</span></code><br />
<span style="color: #222222;">After reboot, you will get Centos 7 desktop .</span></div>
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Now start installing VNC packages.<br />
<strong>Step 1 :</strong> Issue the below command to install VNC package.</div>
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<br />
<code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@</span><span style="color: white;">hackthesec </span><span style="color: white;"> ~]# yum install </span><span style="color: lime;">tigervnc-server</span><span style="color: white;"> -y</span></code><br />
<strong style="color: #222222;">Step 2 </strong><strong style="color: #222222;">:</strong><span style="color: #222222;"> Create a file </span><span style="color: red;"><strong>vncserver@:1.service</strong> in <strong>/etc/systemd/system/</strong></span><span style="color: #222222;"> directory by copying example config file </span><strong><span style="color: red;">/lib/systemd/system/vncserver@.service</span></strong></div>
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<b style="color: #222222;"><br /></b><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@</span><span style="color: white;">hackthesec </span><span style="color: white;">~]# cp /lib/systemd/system/</span><span style="color: lime;">vncserver@.service</span><span style="color: white;"> /etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service</span></code><br />
<strong style="color: #222222;">Step 3 </strong><strong style="color: #222222;">:</strong><span style="color: #222222;"> Now open </span><strong><span style="color: red;">/etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service</span></strong><span style="color: #222222;"> file and replace</span><user style="color: #222222;">with your username .<br />Find these lines ..</user></div>
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<user><br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: lime;">ExecStart=/sbin/runuser -l <USER> -c "/usr/bin/vncserver %i"</span><span style="color: white;">PIDFile=/home/<USER>/.vnc/%H%i.pid</span></code><br /><span style="color: #222222;">Replace ( Considering username as john )</span></user></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Trebuchet, 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 30px;">
<user><br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">ExecStart=/sbin/runuser -l john -c "/usr/bin/vncserver %i"</span><br /><span style="color: lime;">PIDFile=/home/john/.vnc/%H%i.pid</span></code><br /><span style="color: #222222;">If you are creating for root user .</span></user></div>
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<user><br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">ExecStart=/sbin/runuser -l </span><span style="color: lime;">root </span><span style="color: white;">-c "/usr/bin/vncserver %i"</span><br /><span style="color: white;">PIDFile=/root/.vnc/%H%i.pid</span></code><br /><strong style="color: #222222;">Step 4 </strong><strong style="color: #222222;">:</strong><span style="color: #222222;"> Reload systemd for changes.</span></user></div>
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<user><br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@krizna ~]# systemctl </span><span style="color: lime;">daemon-reload</span></code><br /><strong style="color: #222222;">Step 5 </strong><strong style="color: #222222;">:</strong><span style="color: #222222;"> Create VNC password for the user .</span></user></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Trebuchet, 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 30px;">
<user><br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@</span><span style="color: white;">hackthesec </span><span style="color: white;">~]# </span><span style="color: lime;">vncpasswd</span></code><br /><strong style="color: #222222;">Step 6 </strong><strong style="color: #222222;">:</strong><span style="color: #222222;"> Enable and start the service using the below commands.</span><br /><span style="color: #222222;">Enable service at startup ( Permanent ).</span></user></div>
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<user><br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@</span><span style="color: white;">hackthesec </span><span style="color: white;">~]# systemctl enable </span><span style="color: lime;">vncserver@:1.service</span></code><br /><span style="color: #222222;">Start the service .</span></user></div>
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<user><br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; color: white; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;">[root@hackthesec ~]# systemctl start vncserver@:1.service</code><br /><strong>Step 7 </strong><strong>:</strong> Allow VNC service in firewall.</user></div>
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<user><br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@</span><span style="color: white;">hackthesec </span><span style="color: white;">~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service vnc-server<br />[root@</span><span style="color: white;">hackthesec </span><span style="color: white;">~]# </span><span style="color: lime;">systemctl restart firewalld.service</span></code><br /><span style="color: #222222;">Now you can able to connect VNC server using IP and Port ( Eg : 192.168.1.10:1 )</span></user></div>
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<user><br /></user></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMdCA7z_GFilu5Cs6j1a6cNCfeRBU3p5fmQqh08t1azT8VXWB5B-Cebvg0hfJCONu105aS9WZ9c52PuLLB7I60Rbix8_c3ubsTK42qcp45t_NFzjCbgAcRbeRbKoYwyIYVx5Tv9S8tDuIn/s1600/install-vnc-server-centos-7_www.hackthesec.co.in.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMdCA7z_GFilu5Cs6j1a6cNCfeRBU3p5fmQqh08t1azT8VXWB5B-Cebvg0hfJCONu105aS9WZ9c52PuLLB7I60Rbix8_c3ubsTK42qcp45t_NFzjCbgAcRbeRbKoYwyIYVx5Tv9S8tDuIn/s1600/install-vnc-server-centos-7_www.hackthesec.co.in.jpg" /></a></div>
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<user><span style="color: #222222;">You can use VNC client like </span><a href="http://www.tightvnc.com/" rel="nofollow" style="color: #0f4884; text-decoration: none;" title="TightVNC">Tightvnc viewer</a><span style="color: #222222;"> and </span><a href="https://www.realvnc.com/" rel="nofollow" style="color: #0f4884; text-decoration: none;" title="realvnc viewer">Realvnc viewer</a><span style="color: #222222;"> to connect Server.</span><br /><span style="color: #222222;">For additional users create files with different ports ( Refer Step 2 )</span><strong><span style="color: red;">vncserver@:2.service</span></strong><span style="color: #222222;"> by copying example config file and continue the steps 3,4,5 and 6 by replacing service name. Please make sure you logged in as that particular user for creating vnc password ( Step 5 ).</span></user></div>
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Additional Commands :</h3>
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<user></user></div>
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 To stop VNC service .<br />
<code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; color: white; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;">[root@hackthesec ~]# systemctl stop vncserver@:1.service</code><br />
 To disable VNC service from startup ( permanent ).</div>
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<br />
<code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; color: white; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;">[root@hackthesec ~]# systemctl disable vncserver@:1.service</code><br />
To stop firewall ( For troubleshooting ).</div>
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<br />
<code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@krizna ~]# systemctl</span><span style="color: lime;"> stop firewalld.service<br /><br /></span><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/" style="color: #999999; text-decoration: none;">Hack The Security</a><br style="color: lime;" /><a href="https://www.twitter.com/hackthesecurity" style="color: #999999; text-decoration: none;">Hack The Security Twitter</a><br style="color: lime;" /><a href="http://facebook.com/htsecu" style="color: #999999; text-decoration: none;">Hack The Security Facebook</a></code></div>
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<user><br /></user></div>
</div>

How to install VNC server on Centos 7

VNC server is used to connect and control desktop environment of the server from remote clients. VNC viewer is used on remote computer to connect the server . In the article we can learn about how to…

29 Jan 2016

How to setup FTP server on centos 7 ( VSFTP )

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<span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Trebuchet, 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 30px;">FTP server is used to exchange files between computers over network . This guide helps you to setup ftp server on centos 7 . This guide contains configuration steps for both FTP and SFTP as well as user creation . Here i’ve used VSFTP package which is secure and less vulnerable .</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8sgDFsdT2-6ibob-V7LU1f1pGVI-HlDBDGWTeG4AaIfixz9vJlEUDp5vUVY9CZD_GXxp-3wN4OZwzjXq2jyJKXOOyXmkR-885QKJ349qlBMn07qZQ0sxAfb7pOvIDBiPkRy3HYq8S2k7R/s1600/Vsftpd-on-CentOS_ww.hackthesec.co.in.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8sgDFsdT2-6ibob-V7LU1f1pGVI-HlDBDGWTeG4AaIfixz9vJlEUDp5vUVY9CZD_GXxp-3wN4OZwzjXq2jyJKXOOyXmkR-885QKJ349qlBMn07qZQ0sxAfb7pOvIDBiPkRy3HYq8S2k7R/s640/Vsftpd-on-CentOS_ww.hackthesec.co.in.png" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="color: red;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Trebuchet, 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 30px;">1. </span>FTP Server<br style="background-color: white; font-family: Trebuchet, 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 30px;" /><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Trebuchet, 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 30px;">2. </span>SFTP Server<br style="background-color: white; font-family: Trebuchet, 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 30px;" /><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Trebuchet, 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 30px;">3. </span>User creation</span><br />
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<h1 style="background-color: white; clear: both; font-family: Trebuchet, 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 30px; font-weight: normal; height: auto; line-height: 31px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 614px;">
<span style="color: #0b5394;">Setup FTP server on centos 7</span><span style="color: #222222;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="FTP"></a></span></h1>
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<span style="color: #0b5394;"><br /></span></div>
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<strong style="color: #222222;">Step 1 :</strong><span style="color: #222222;"> Update your repository and install <b>VSFTPD </b>package .</span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222;"><br /></span><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; color: white; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;">[root@hackthesec ~]# yum check-update<br />[root@hackthesec ~]# yum -y install vsftpd</code><br /><strong style="color: #222222;">Step 2 </strong><strong style="color: #222222;">:</strong><span style="color: #222222;"> After installation you can find </span><strong><span style="color: red;">/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf</span></strong><span style="color: #222222;"> file which is the main configuration file for VSFTP.</span><br /><span style="color: #222222;">Take a backup copy before making changes .</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Trebuchet, 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">
<br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# mv /etc/</span><span style="color: lime;">vsftpd</span><span style="color: white;">/vsftpd.conf /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf.org</span></code></div>
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<br /></div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-size: large;">Now open the file and make changes as below</span><br />
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<br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; color: white; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;">[root@hackthesec ~]# nano /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf</code></div>
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<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #222222;">Find this line </span><strong><span style="color: red;">anonymous_enable=YES</span></strong><span style="color: #222222;"> ( Line no : 12 ) and change value to NO to disable anonymous FTP access.</span></span><br />
<div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Trebuchet, 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">
<br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; color: white; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;">anonymous_enable=NO</code></div>
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<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: large;">Uncomment the below line ( Line no : 100 ) to restrict users to their home directory.</span><br />
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<br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; color: white; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;">chroot_local_user=YES</code></div>
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<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: large;">and add the below lines at the end of the file to enable passive mode and allow chroot writable.</span><br />
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<br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; color: white; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;">allow_writeable_chroot=YES<br />pasv_enable=Yes<br />pasv_min_port=40000<br />pasv_max_port=40100</code><br /><strong>Step 3 </strong><strong>:</strong> Now restart vsftpd service and make it start automatically after reboot.</div>
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<br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# systemctl </span><span style="color: lime;">restart </span><span style="color: white;">vsftpd.service</span><br /><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# </span><span style="color: lime;">systemctl enable vsftpd.service</span></code><br /><strong style="color: #222222;">Step 4 </strong><strong style="color: #222222;">:</strong><span style="color: #222222;"> Add FTP service in firewall to allow ftp ports .</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Trebuchet, 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 30px;">
<br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# </span><span style="color: lime;">firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=ftp</span><br /><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# firewall-cmd --reload</span></code><br /><strong style="color: #222222;">Step 5 </strong><strong style="color: #222222;">:</strong><span style="color: #222222;"> Setup SEinux to allow ftp access to the users home directories .</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Trebuchet, 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 30px;">
<br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# setsebool </span><span style="color: lime;">-P ftp_home_dir on</span></code><br /><strong style="color: #222222;">Step 6 </strong><strong style="color: #222222;">:</strong><span style="color: #222222;"> Now create an User for ftp access. Here</span><span style="color: red;"> <strong>/sbin/nologin</strong></span><span style="color: #222222;"> shell is used to prevent shell access to the server .</span></div>
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<br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# useradd </span><span style="color: lime;">-m dave -s /sbin/nologin</span><br /><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# passwd dave</span></code></div>
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<span style="color: #222222;">Now user dave can able to login ftp on port 21 .</span><br />
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<br />You can <a href="https://filezilla-project.org/" rel="nofollow" style="color: #0f4884; text-decoration: none;" title="Filezilla">filezilla</a> or <a href="http://winscp.net/eng/download.php" rel="nofollow" style="color: #0f4884; text-decoration: none;" title="Winscp download">winscp</a> client for accessing files.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEim_29sfoA7aGhZnCZsbVJFWuHP5fVUNiuSkmcUEflO9L24ul4MAUHZVUz1N4AkGndvjVKwk3pYu_Swm-FxTbWQ6sWEuMB2DVrNaFiFVh0LOWgB2adtTOSTX4MT-3VjPWug705c2DaYnoZg/s1600/Setup-ftp-server-centos-7_www.hackthesec.co.in.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEim_29sfoA7aGhZnCZsbVJFWuHP5fVUNiuSkmcUEflO9L24ul4MAUHZVUz1N4AkGndvjVKwk3pYu_Swm-FxTbWQ6sWEuMB2DVrNaFiFVh0LOWgB2adtTOSTX4MT-3VjPWug705c2DaYnoZg/s1600/Setup-ftp-server-centos-7_www.hackthesec.co.in.png" /></a></div>
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<h1 style="background-color: white; clear: both; font-family: Trebuchet, 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 30px; font-weight: normal; height: auto; line-height: 31px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 614px;">
<span style="color: #0b5394;">SFTP server</span><span style="color: #222222;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="SFTP"></a></span></h1>
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<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Trebuchet, 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 30px;">
<span style="color: #222222;">SFTP ( Secure File Transfer Protocol ) is used to encrypt connections between clients and the FTP server. It is highly recommended to use SFTP because data is transferred over encrypted connection using SSH-tunnel on </span><span style="color: red;"><strong>port 22 </strong>.</span><br /><span style="color: #222222;">Basically we need openssh-server package to enable SFTP .</span><br /><span style="color: #222222;">Install openssh-server package, if its not already installed.</span></div>
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<br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# yum -y install </span><span style="color: lime;">openssh-server</span></code><br /><strong style="color: #222222;">Step 7 </strong><strong style="color: #222222;">:</strong><span style="color: #222222;"> Create a separate group for FTP access.</span></div>
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<br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# groupadd </span><span style="color: lime;">ftpaccess</span></code><br /><strong style="color: #222222;">Step 8 </strong><strong style="color: #222222;">:</strong><span style="color: #222222;"> Now open </span><strong><span style="color: red;">/etc/ssh/sshd_config</span></strong><span style="color: #222222;"> file and make changes as below.</span><br /><span style="color: #222222;">Find and comment the below line ( Line no : 147 ).</span></div>
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<br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">#Subsystem sftp /usr/libexec/openssh/</span><span style="color: lime;">sftp-server</span></code></div>
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<span style="color: #222222;">and add these lines below.</span><br />
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<br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">Subsystem sftp internal-sftp</span><br /><span style="color: lime;">Match group ftpaccess</span><span style="color: white;">ChrootDirectory %h</span><br /><span style="color: white;">X11Forwarding no</span><br /><span style="color: lime;">AllowTcpForwarding no</span><span style="color: white;">ForceCommand internal-sftp</span></code><br /><strong style="color: #222222;">Step 9 </strong><strong style="color: #222222;">:</strong><span style="color: #222222;"> Now restart sshd service.</span></div>
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<br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# </span><span style="color: lime;">systemctl restart sshd</span></code><span style="color: #222222;">Now your SFTP server is configured and ready .</span></div>
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<h1 style="background-color: white; clear: both; font-family: Trebuchet, 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 30px; font-weight: normal; height: auto; line-height: 31px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 614px;">
<span style="color: #0b5394;">User creation</span><span style="color: #222222;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="user"></a></span></h1>
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<strong>Step 10 </strong><strong>:</strong> Create user jack with /sbin/nologin shell and ftpaccess group</div>
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<br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# </span><span style="color: lime;">useradd -m jack -s /sbin/nologin -g ftpaccess</span><br /><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# passwd jack</span></code></div>
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<span style="color: #222222;">Now assign root ownership for the home directory for chroot access and modify permission.</span><br />
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<br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# chown root /home/jack<br />[root@hackthesec ~]# </span><span style="color: lime;">chmod 750 /home/jack</span></code></div>
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<span style="color: #222222;">Create a directory </span><strong style="color: #222222;">www</strong><span style="color: #222222;"> inside home directory for writing and modify ownership .</span><br />
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<br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# mkdir /home/jack/www<br />[root@hackthesec ~]# chown </span><span style="color: lime;">jack:ftpaccess /home/jack/www</span></code><br /><span style="color: #222222;">Now jack can use both ftp and sftp services . He can upload files in </span><span style="color: red;"><strong>www</strong> </span><span style="color: #222222;">directory .</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqHadkjAgVk5SyUs3LkT37VDuWg1jmvuRj9h1ee1OivV7ZoVu6s_SibJocd30oQOJyyRznJ7LqOjjVUZrZHN3LAnxW3bbnDDRFJQ6psEUrkBdeqhOdZg8rueGorzRl8ZiuGim4g-ZSjvey/s1600/Setup-ftp-server-centos-7-1_www.hackthesec.co.in.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqHadkjAgVk5SyUs3LkT37VDuWg1jmvuRj9h1ee1OivV7ZoVu6s_SibJocd30oQOJyyRznJ7LqOjjVUZrZHN3LAnxW3bbnDDRFJQ6psEUrkBdeqhOdZg8rueGorzRl8ZiuGim4g-ZSjvey/s1600/Setup-ftp-server-centos-7-1_www.hackthesec.co.in.png" /></a></div>
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If you are going to use FTP and SFTP together in the same server, you should follow above steps while creating users . For existing users add them to ftpaccess and make below changes.</div>
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<br /><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# usermod </span><span style="color: lime;">dave -g ftpaccess</span><br /><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# chown root /home/dave</span><br /><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# chmod </span><span style="color: lime;">750 /home/dave</span><br /><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# mkdir /home/dave/www</span><br /><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# </span><span style="color: lime;">chown dave:ftpaccess /home/dave/www</span></code><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: lime;"><br /></span></code><code style="background-color: #0e0e0e; border-radius: 5px; display: block; font-family: Verdana, 'MS Sans Serif', sans-serif, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; padding: 4px;"><span style="color: lime;"><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/">Hack The Security</a><br /><a href="https://www.twitter.com/hackthesecurity">Hack The Security Twitter</a><br /><a href="http://facebook.com/htsecu">Hack The Security Facebook</a></span></code></div>
</div>

How to setup FTP server on centos 7 ( VSFTP )

FTP server is used to exchange files between computers over network . This guide helps you to setup ftp server on centos 7 . This guide contains configuration steps for both FTP and SFTP as well as u…

29 Jan 2016

How to setup mail server on centos 7

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<h1 style="background-color: white; clear: both; font-stretch: normal; height: auto; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; width: 614px;">
<span style="color: #990000; font-family: Trebuchet, Trebuchet MS, Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 30px;"><u>Setup mail server on centos 7</u></span></span></h1>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-size: 16px; line-height: 30px;">This article helps you to install and configure basic mail server on </span><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/Centos" style="color: #0f4884; font-size: 16px; line-height: 30px; text-decoration: none;" title="Centos">Centos</a><span style="color: #222222; font-size: 16px; line-height: 30px;"> 7. Here i have used Postfix for SMTP, Dovecot for POP/IMAP and Dovecot SASL for SMTP AUTH.</span></h1>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: trebuchet, 'trebuchet ms', arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 30px;">Before proceeding please make sure you have assigned static IP for the server and have internet connectivity for installing packages.</span></div>
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                                <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwXFjlAbKP-BbS_imp_3im9swmB_1h-YvwnJ9adp3dLHRZ8SnhttbxG5pHeSzoLgYS1-xSDzZRkhdzDCgkfeg1k4YK4AC19sZy8_R90QH-NNjOMo2IOvktIgpRdZ1fbp2Ti2SOaCOvx5mV/s1600/mailserver-with-virtual-users-and-domains-using-postfix-and-dovecot-in-centos-6+_www.hackthesec.co.in.png" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwXFjlAbKP-BbS_imp_3im9swmB_1h-YvwnJ9adp3dLHRZ8SnhttbxG5pHeSzoLgYS1-xSDzZRkhdzDCgkfeg1k4YK4AC19sZy8_R90QH-NNjOMo2IOvktIgpRdZ1fbp2Ti2SOaCOvx5mV/s1600/mailserver-with-virtual-users-and-domains-using-postfix-and-dovecot-in-centos-6+_www.hackthesec.co.in.png" /></a></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: trebuchet, trebuchet ms, arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 30px;"><b><u>Setup mail server on centos 7</u></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 30px;">1. Installing packages</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: trebuchet, trebuchet ms, arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 30px;">2. Postfix configuration</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: trebuchet, trebuchet ms, arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 30px;">3. Dovecot configuration</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: trebuchet, trebuchet ms, arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 30px;">4. User creation</span></span></div>
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<div style="font-family: trebuchet, 'trebuchet ms', arial, verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">
<b><u><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: large;">Step 1: Installing packages</span></u></b></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Step 1 : Assign hostname for the server using the below command</span></span><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">.</span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">[root@hackthesec~]# hostnamectl set-hostname mail.hackthesec.co.in</span></span><span style="color: #222222; font-family: trebuchet, trebuchet ms, arial, verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 30px; white-space: normal;">
</span></span></pre>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #222222;">Step 2 : Make a host entry with your IP in </span><span style="color: #990000;"><b>/etc/hosts</b> </span><span style="color: #222222;">file.</span></span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">172.27.0.51 mail.hackthesec.co.in</span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Step 3 : Now start installing packages.</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec~]# yum -y </span><span style="color: lime;">install postfix dovecot</span></span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">After package installation continue with postfix configuration.</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: trebuchet, trebuchet ms, arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 30px;"><b><u>Step 2 : Postfix configuration</u></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">First create SSL certificate for encryption.</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Step 4: Follow the below steps one by one for creation</span></span><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">.</span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">[root@hackthesec ~]# mkdir /etc/postfix/ssl
[root@</span></span><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px;">hackthesec</span><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px;"> ~]# cd /etc/postfix/ssl</span>
<span style="color: white; font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">[root@</span></span><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px;">hackthesec</span><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px;"> ssl]# openssl genrsa -des3 -out server.key 2048</span>
<span style="color: white; font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">[root@</span></span><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px;">hackthesec</span><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px;"> ssl]# openssl rsa -in server.key -out server.key.insecure</span>
<span style="color: white; font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">[root@</span></span><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px;">hackthesec</span><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px;"> ssl]# mv server.key server.key.secure</span>
<span style="color: white; font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">[root@</span></span><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px;">hackthesec</span><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px;"> ssl]# mv server.key.insecure server.key</span></pre>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #222222;">Leave blank for </span><b><span style="color: #990000;">A challenge password []</span></b><span style="color: #222222;"> value in the below step.</span></span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ssl]# openssl req -new -key </span><span style="color: lime;">server.key -out server.csr</span><span style="color: white;">
[root@hackthesec ssl]# openssl x509 -req -days 365 -in server.csr -signkey server.key -out server.crt</span></span></span></pre>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #222222;">Step 5 : Now open</span><span style="color: #990000;"><b> /etc/postfix/main.cf</b></span><span style="color: #222222;"> file for changes.</span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Find and uncomment the below lines</span></span><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">.</span></div>
<div style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: normal;">
</div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">#inet_interfaces = localhost #---> line no 116
#mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost #--> line no 164</span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">and add below lines at the end of the file. change <b>myhostname </b>and <b>mydomain </b>values with yours and <b>home_mailbox</b> value to your desired directory. Here it will store mails in the users home directory (Eg: /home/john/mail ).</span></span></div>
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<pre class="xtypo_info" style="background: url("assets/shadow.png") 50% 100% repeat-x rgb(245, 245, 245); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.42857; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;">myhostname = mail.hackthesec.co.in
mydomain = hackthesec.co.in
myorigin = $mydomain
home_mailbox = mail/
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8
inet_interfaces = all
mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost, $mydomain
smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot
smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth
smtpd_sasl_local_domain =
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated,permit_mynetworks,reject_unauth_destination
smtp_tls_security_level = may
smtpd_tls_security_level = may
smtp_tls_note_starttls_offer = yes
smtpd_tls_loglevel = 1
smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/postfix/ssl/server.key
smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/postfix/ssl/server.crt
smtpd_tls_received_header = yes
smtpd_tls_session_cache_timeout = 3600s
tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom</pre>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #222222;">Step 6 : Open </span><b><span style="color: #990000;">/etc/postfix/master.cf</span></b><span style="color: #222222;"> file, add the below lines after "</span><span style="color: #990000;">smtp inet n – n – – smtpd</span><span style="color: #222222;">" line</span></span></span><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">.</span></div>
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: trebuchet, 'trebuchet ms', arial, verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">
<pre class="xtypo_info" style="background: url("assets/shadow.png") 50% 100% repeat-x rgb(245, 245, 245); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.42857; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;">submission     inet  n       -       n       -       -       smtpd
  -o syslog_name=postfix/submission
  -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
  -o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
  -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
smtps     inet  n       -       n       -       -       smtpd
  -o syslog_name=postfix/smtps
  -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
  -o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
  -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
Now check the configuration using postfix check command.
Step 7 : Now configure Dovecot SASL for SMTP Auth. Open /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-master.conf file, find “# Postfix smtp-auth” line ( line no:95 ) and add the below lines.
# Postfix smtp-auth
unix_listener /var/spool/postfix/private/auth {mode = 0660
user = postfix
group = postfix
}</pre>
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<div style="font-family: trebuchet, 'trebuchet ms', arial, verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">
<div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: normal;">
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Now check the configuration using <b><span style="color: #990000;">postfix check</span></b> command.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Step 7 : Now configure Dovecot SASL for SMTP Auth. Open <b><span style="color: #990000;">/etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-master.conf</span></b> file, find "<b><span style="color: #990000;"># Postfix smtp-auth</span></b>" line ( line no:95 ) and add the below lines.</span></span></div>
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<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;"># Postfix smtp-auth
</span><span style="color: lime;">unix_listener /var/spool/postfix/private/auth {mode = 0660
</span><span style="color: white;">user = postfix
group = postfix
}</span></span></span></pre>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #222222;">Step 8 : Open </span><b><span style="color: #990000;">/etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-auth.conf</span></b><span style="color: #222222;"> file, find "<b>auth_mechanisms = plain</b>" ( Line no: 100 ) and add login to the value like below.</span></span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: lime;">auth_mechanisms</span><span style="color: white;"> = plain login</span></span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Step 9 : Postfix configuration is over. Now restart both postfix and dovecot services and enable auto start</span></span><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">.</span></span></div>
<div style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: normal;">
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: orange;">[root@mail ~]# systemctl restart postfix
</span><span style="color: white;">[root@mail ~]# systemctl enable postfix
</span><span style="color: lime;">[root@mail ~]# systemctl restart dovecot
</span><span style="color: orange;">[root@mail ~]# systemctl enable dovecot</span></span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Step 10 : Add the firewall rules to allow <b>25, 587 and 465</b> ports</span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">.</span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@mail ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=smtp
</span><span style="color: lime;">[root@mail ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=587/tcp
</span><span style="color: white;">[root@mail ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=465/tcp
</span><span style="color: orange;">[root@mail ~]# firewall-cmd --reload</span></span></span></pre>
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<div>
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<div>
<span style="font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #222222;">Now start testing connectivity for each ports 25,587 and 465 using telnet and make sure you are getting </span><span style="color: #990000;"><b>AUTH PLAIN LOGIN</b></span><span style="color: #222222;"> line after issuing <b>ehlo mail.hackthesec.co.in </b>command in telnet</span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">.</span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@mail ~]# </span><span style="color: lime;">telnet mail.hackthesec.co.in 465</span><span style="color: white;">
Trying 172.27.0.51...
Connected to mail.hackthesec.co.in.
Escape character is '^]'.
</span><span style="color: orange;">220 mail.hackthesec.co.in ESMTP Postfix
</span><span style="color: white;">ehlo mail.hackthesec.co.in</span></span></span></pre>
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<div>
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Step 3 : Dovecot configuration</u></b></span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Start configuring Dovecot</span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">.</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #222222;">Step 11 : Open </span><b><span style="color: #990000;">/etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-mail.conf</span></b><span style="color: #222222;"> file, find <b>#mail_location =</b> (line no : 30 ) and add the same directory which is given to home_mailbox in the postfix config file ( Step 5)</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">.</span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">mail_location = </span><span style="color: lime;">maildir:~/mail</span></span></span></pre>
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<div>
<span style="font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #222222;">Step 12 : Open </span><b><span style="color: #990000;">/etc/dovecot/conf.d/20-pop3.conf</span></b><span style="color: #222222;"> file, find and uncomment the below line ( line no : 50 )</span></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">.</span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: lime; font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">pop3_uidl_format = %08Xu%08Xv</span></span></pre>
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<div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Step 13 : Restart dovecot service</span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">.</span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@mail ~]# </span><span style="color: lime;">systemctl restart dovecot</span></span></span></pre>
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<div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Step 14 : Add firewall rules to allow 110,143,993 and 995</span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">.</span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: lime;">[root@mail ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=110/tcp
</span><span style="color: white;">[root@mail ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=pop3s
</span><span style="color: orange;">[root@mail ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=143/tcp
</span><span style="color: white;">[root@mail ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=imaps
[root@mail ~]# firewall-cmd --reload</span></span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Check the connectivity for the ports 110,143,993 and 995 using telnet</span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Step 4 : User creation</u></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Now create user for testing .</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #222222;">Step 15 : Create user with </span><b><span style="color: #990000;">/sbin/nologin</span></b><span style="color: #222222;"> shell to restrict login access</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">.</span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: lime;">[root@mail ~]# useradd -m john -s /sbin/nologin
</span><span style="color: white;">[root@mail ~]# passwd hackthesec</span></span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Mail server is ready now, Configure user in your mail client and test send/receive</span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">.</span></div>
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<div style="color: #222222; font-family: trebuchet, 'trebuchet ms', arial, verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">
<img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-KvSTpPDbIqW1IOfpC424M9kQxnYaFzCZG7wO9XNDKTPS6lEYN_6UsN5XZrRvlDCj2ypN4O0teETtY3z2W6_uQjDAuwDLbCahUN7hvCt4qktVwfYNjZWBzEYa5_4RNUY8qrkrzNCKQZm1/s640/Setup+mail+server+on+centos+7_www.hackthesec.co.in.png" /></div>
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: trebuchet, 'trebuchet ms', arial, verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">
<a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/">www.hackthesec.co.in</a></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>

How to setup mail server on centos 7

Setup mail server on centos 7 This article helps you to install and configure basic mail server on Centos 7. Here i have used Postfix for SMTP, Dovecot for POP/IMAP and Dovecot SASL for SMTP AUTH. Be…

29 Jan 2016

How to install phpmyadmin on centos 7

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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet" , "trebuchet ms" , "arial" , "verdana" , sans-serif; font-size: 30px; line-height: 31px;"><span style="color: #990000;">Install phpmyadmin on centos 7</span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "roboto slab"; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"><a href="http://www.phpmyadmin.net/" target="_blank">Phpmyadmin</a> is an opensource tool to manage <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/Mysql" target="_blank">MySQL</a> database using web browser.</span></div>
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it can perform almost all tasks such as creating,deleting,modifying databases,users,tables and fields .</div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "roboto slab";"><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 28px;"><span style="font-size: large;">This guide helps you to install phpmyadmin on <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/Centos" target="_blank">centos 7</a>. it contains step by step installation through YUM using EPEL repository.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "roboto slab";"><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 28px;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></span><strong style="font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; line-height: 19.2000007629395px;"><span style="color: red; display: inline; font-family: "open sans" , serif , sans-serif; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px; max-height: 200px; overflow: visible; text-decoration: none;"><span style="line-height: 1.4em; max-height: 200px;"><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/2016/01/how-to-install-lamp-apache-24-mysql-56.html" target="_blank">How to Install LAMP (Apache 2.4, MySQL 5.6, and PHP 5.4) on CentOS/RHEL 7</a></span></span></strong></div>
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<strong style="background-color: white; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; line-height: 19.2000007629395px;"><a class="titlex" href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/2016/01/how-to-install-lamp-apache-24-mysql-56.html" style="display: block; font-family: 'Open Sans', serif, sans-serif; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px; max-height: 200px; overflow: visible; text-decoration: none;"></a><a class="titlex" href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/2016/01/how-to-install-lamp-apache-24-mysql-56.html" style="display: inline !important; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px; max-height: 200px; overflow: visible; text-decoration: none;"></a></strong></div>
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<strong style="background-color: white; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; line-height: 19.2000007629395px;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNwOQO6gfdYtrDV28BiI5f9hO9AAn3RhKOO73nHMK-aboQ3L1Cw0cWU1u_6lJSgNX0AeIiR2vL7mNGhyphenhyphen-ttCWcHhOoQ-6SJZSnum-5EBaYU7E9vK9MizzlPifG0s1McucKLDYUK_Xp7mQI/s1600/login_phpmyadmin_www.hackthesec.co.in.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNwOQO6gfdYtrDV28BiI5f9hO9AAn3RhKOO73nHMK-aboQ3L1Cw0cWU1u_6lJSgNX0AeIiR2vL7mNGhyphenhyphen-ttCWcHhOoQ-6SJZSnum-5EBaYU7E9vK9MizzlPifG0s1McucKLDYUK_Xp7mQI/s1600/login_phpmyadmin_www.hackthesec.co.in.png" /></a></strong></div>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 34px;"><span style="color: red; font-family: "roboto slab"; font-size: x-large;">Prerequisite – LAMP server</span></span></h2>
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Before starting phpmyadmin installation, You must setup LAMP server on your <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/2016/01/how-to-install-lamp-apache-24-mysql-56.html" target="_blank">centos 7</a> server. Copy and paste below command in terminal for quick setup . At the end, you need to provide some inputs .</div>
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<span style="color: #333333;">» </span><b><span style="color: blue;">leave blank for current mysql password.</span></b></div>
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<span style="border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #333333;">» </span><span style="color: blue;">provide new password and press enter for the rest.</span></span></div>
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-size: 12px;"># </span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: white;">yum -y </span><span style="color: lime;">install httpd</span><span style="color: white;"> mariadb-server mariadb php php-mysql php-gd php-pear php-mbstring && systemctl start httpd.service && systemctl enable httpd.service && systemctl start mariadb && systemctl enable mariadb && firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service http && systemctl restart firewalld.service && mysql_secure_installation</span></span><span style="color: white; font-size: 0.9em;">
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By default, centos 7 repository does not contains phpmyadmin package. we need to enable EPEL repository. Find the latest EPEL for centos 7 from <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/2016/01/how-to-install-epel-repo-on-centos-and.html" target="_blank">EPEL for Centos 7</a></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: "roboto slab"; font-weight: bolder; line-height: 34px;">Step 1: </span><span style="font-family: "roboto slab";"><span style="line-height: 34px;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">Download and install </span><span style="color: red;">epel-release-7-x.noarch.rpm</span><span style="color: #0b5394;"> file . or install directly by copying the rpm link.</span></span></span></h2>
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<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# </span><span style="color: lime;">rpm -ivh</span><span style="color: white;"> http://epel.mirror.net.in/epel/7/x86_64/e/epel-release-7-1.noarch.rpm</span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: "roboto slab"; font-weight: bolder; line-height: 34px;">Step 2: </span><span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: "roboto slab";"><span style="line-height: 34px;">Update repositories by issuing below command </span></span></h2>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# yum </span><span style="color: lime;">check-update</span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: "roboto slab"; font-weight: bolder; line-height: 34px;">Step 3: </span><span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: "roboto slab";"><span style="line-height: 34px;">Now install phpmyadmin package along with dependencies.</span></span></h2>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# yum -y install </span><span style="color: lime;">phpmyadmin</span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: "roboto slab"; font-weight: bolder; line-height: 34px;">Step 4: </span><span style="font-family: "roboto slab";"><span style="line-height: 34px;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">After installation, Open </span><span style="color: red;">/etc/httpd/conf.d/phpMyAdmin.conf</span><span style="color: #0b5394;"> file ( Apache config file for phpmyadmin ) and edit as follows.</span></span></span><span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: "roboto slab"; line-height: 34px;">Find these lines . ( Found 2 times )</span></h2>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"># Apache 2.4
     <RequireAny>
       Require ip 127.0.0.1
       Require ip ::1
     </RequireAny> </pre>
</pre>
<div style="border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "roboto slab"; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;">Replace with </span></div>
<div style="border: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; font-family: 'roboto slab'; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;"># Apache 2.4
    <RequireAny>
      # Require ip 127.0.0.1
      # Require ip ::1
      Require all granted
    </RequireAny></span></pre>
<h2 class="heading1" style="border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 45px 0px 12px; opacity: 1; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible;">
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: "roboto slab"; font-weight: bolder; line-height: 34px;">Step 5: </span><span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: "roboto slab";"><span style="line-height: 34px;">Restart Apache service.</span></span></h2>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: black; font-family: 'roboto slab'; font-size: medium; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# systemctl restart httpd.service</span></span></pre>
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<div style="color: #333333; font-family: 'roboto slab'; line-height: 28px;">
<span style="font-size: large;">Now open http://serverIP/phpmyadmin in your browser. You can login using root as username and mysql root password .</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_cGI1PxQmIJ7U3szB4gdBkBbnXsE4jhZNzEjGFumPO9WKnkMFS6XE5XtRDCtnViBOIQs3SDWPjjtspFHKrwIAFU0IJoZdtsT_QY37e-uMjQiwLlQLehwxTH6UV3Ey27mSvw0OFuQs7FKb/s1600/install-phpmyadmin-centos-7_www.hackthesec.co.in.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_cGI1PxQmIJ7U3szB4gdBkBbnXsE4jhZNzEjGFumPO9WKnkMFS6XE5XtRDCtnViBOIQs3SDWPjjtspFHKrwIAFU0IJoZdtsT_QY37e-uMjQiwLlQLehwxTH6UV3Ey27mSvw0OFuQs7FKb/s1600/install-phpmyadmin-centos-7_www.hackthesec.co.in.png" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; font-family: 'roboto slab'; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/" target="_blank">Hack The Security</a>
<a href="https://www.twitter.com/hackthesecurity" target="_blank">Hack The Security Twitter</a>
<a href="https://www.facebook.com/htsecu" target="_blank">Hack The Security Facebook</a></pre>
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How to install phpmyadmin on centos 7

Install phpmyadmin on centos 7 Phpmyadmin is an opensource tool to manage MySQL database using web browser. it can perform almost all tasks such as creating,deleting,modifying databases,users,tables …

29 Jan 2016

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