Hack The Sec-Leading Resource Of Linux Tutorial: Lsyncd

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<span style="color: #990000; font-size: x-large;"><u>Install and use Lsyncd on CentOS 7 & RHEL 7</u></span></h1>
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Lsyncd stands for “<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 600; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: red;">Live Syncing Daemon</span></span>“, as the name suggest lsyncd is used to sync or replicate files & directories locally and remotely after a specific time of interval. It uses Rsync & ssh in the backend.</div>
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Lsyncd works on Master and Slave architecture where it monitors the directory on the master server, if any changes or modification are done then lsyncd will replicate the same on its slave servers after specific interval of time.</div>
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In this article we will discuss how to install and use lsyncd on <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/Centos">CentOS</a> 7 & <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/RHEL">RHEL</a> 7.</div>
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Scenario : Suppose want to sync the folder “<span style="color: red;">/var/www/html</span>” from Master server to Slave server</div>
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<li style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style: square; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Master Server’s IP = 192.168.1.14</li>
<li style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style: square; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Slave Server’s IP = 192.168.1.15</li>
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First Enable Key based authentication between Master and Slave Server.</h6>
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Login to Master server & generate the public and Private keys using ssh-keygen command.</div>
<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-family: Monaco, 'Courier New', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: white;">root@ec:/home/ec# </span><span style="color: lime;">ssh-keygen</span><span style="color: white;">
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): 
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
5f:56:26:70:d4:99:7f:77:87:0a:46:f6:5e:e6:22:df root@ec
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
|          ..o. o |
|          oo  +  |
|         o .. oo |
|          o .++ *|
|        S. oo=  =|
|         ..o+ .  |
|          .o o   |
|            . E  |
|                 |
+-----------------+</span></span></pre>
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Now Copy the public key using ssh-copy-id command to slave server</div>
<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-family: Monaco, 'Courier New', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# </span><span style="color: lime;">ssh-copy-id -i</span><span style="color: white;"> /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.1.15</span></span></pre>
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Step:1 Login to Master Server and Install Lsyncd Package</h5>
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Install the lsyncd dependency packages using below yum command.</div>
<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-family: Monaco, 'Courier New', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# yum install </span><span style="color: lime;">lua lua-devel pkgconfig gcc asciidoc</span></span></pre>
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To install lsyncd package using yum command , first enable the <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/2016/01/how-to-install-epel-repo-on-centos-and.html">EPEL repo </a>as lsyncd rpm is not available in the default repos.</div>
<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-family: Monaco, 'Courier New', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# rpm -iUvh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/e/epel-release-7-5.noarch.rpm
[root@hackthesec ~]# yum </span><span style="color: lime;">install lsyncd</span></span></pre>
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Step:2 Set up Configuration File of Lsyncd</h5>
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Copy the sample Configuration to <b>/etc/lsyncd.conf</b></div>
<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-family: Monaco, 'Courier New', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# cp </span><span style="color: lime;">/usr/share/doc/lsyncd</span><span style="color: white;">-2.1.5/examples/lrsync.lua /etc/lsyncd.conf</span></span></pre>
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Add the following Lines to the config file.</div>
<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-family: Monaco, 'Courier New', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# cat </span><span style="color: lime;">/etc/lsyncd.conf</span><span style="color: white;"> 
----
-- User configuration file for lsyncd.
--
-- Simple example for default rsync.
--
settings = {
 </span><span style="color: red;">logfile</span><span style="color: white;"> = "/var/log/lsyncd.log",
 </span><span style="color: red;">statusFile</span><span style="color: white;"> = "/var/log/lsyncd.stat",
 statusInterval = 2,
}
sync{
 default.rsync,
 </span><span style="color: red;">source</span><span style="color: white;">="/var/www/html",
 </span><span style="color: red;">target</span><span style="color: white;">="192.168.1.15:/var/www/html",
 rsync={rsh ="/usr/bin/ssh -l root -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa",}
}
[root@hackthesec ~]#</span></span></pre>
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Step:3 Start the Service and enable it at reboot</h5>
<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-family: Monaco, 'Courier New', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# systemctl start lsyncd
[root@hackthesec ~]# systemctl </span><span style="color: lime;">enable lsyncd</span><span style="color: white;">
ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/lsyncd.service' '/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/</span><span style="color: lime;">lsyncd.service</span></span><span style="color: white;">'</span></pre>
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Step:4 Analyze the Replication and Logs Report.</h5>
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As we can see that we are using “<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 600; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">root</span>” user for syncing data , as per your requirement you can change the user name.</div>
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In the log File we can see the status of replication whether the replication is completed or Not.</div>
<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-family: Monaco, 'Courier New', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# </span><span style="color: lime;">tail -10</span><span style="color: white;"> /var/log/lsyncd.log
Sun Jul 26 12:53:04 2015 Normal: recursive startup rsync: /var/www/html/ -> 192.168.1.15:/var/www/html/
Sun Jul 26 12:53:56 2015 Normal: Startup of "</span><span style="color: lime;">/var/www/html/</span><span style="color: white;">" finished.
[root@hackthesec ~]#</span></span></pre>
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Using Stat file we view the lsyncd status Report. Sample Example is shown below</div>
<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-family: Monaco, 'Courier New', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec ~]# </span><span style="color: lime;">more /var/log/lsyncd.stat</span><span style="color: white;">

Lsyncd status report at Sun Jul 26 12:53:58 2015
</span><span style="color: lime;">Sync1 source=/var/www/html/
</span><span style="color: white;">There are 0 delays
Excluding:
 nothing.

Inotify watching 849 directories
 1: /var/www/html/
 2: /var/www/html/catalog/
 3: /var/www/html/catalog/controller/
 4: /var/www/html/catalog/controller/module/
 5: /var/www/html/catalog/controller/checkout/
 6: /var/www/html/catalog/controller/api/
 7: /var/www/html/catalog/controller/payment/
 8: /var/www/html/catalog/controller/tool/
 9: /var/www/html/catalog/controller/product/
 ---------------------
 848: /var/www/html/system/library/db/
 849: /var/www/html/system/modification/
[root@hackthesec ~]#</span></span></pre>
<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-family: Monaco, 'Courier New', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: white;"><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/p/id-table-outer-border-0-sort-list-by-id.html">Hack The Sec</a>
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How to Install and use Lsyncd on CentOS 7 & RHEL 7

Install and use Lsyncd on CentOS 7 & RHEL 7 Lsyncd stands for “ Live Syncing Daemon “, as the name suggest lsyncd is used to sync o...