Hack The Sec-Leading Resource Of Linux Tutorial: linux_automation

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<span style="color: #990000;"><u><i>Ansible (Automation Tool) in CentOS /RHEL 7</i></u></span></h1>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b>Ansible </b>is a free & open source Configuration and automation tool for <b>UNIX </b>like operating system. It is written in python and similar to Chef or Puppet but there is one difference and advantage of <b>Ansible </b>is that we don’t need to install any agent on the nodes. It uses <b>SSH </b>for making communication to its nodes.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">In this article we will install and configure <b>Ansible </b>in <b><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/Centos" target="_blank">CentOS </a>7</b> and will try to manage its two nodes.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 600; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Ansible Server</span> – ansible.hackthesec.co.in ( 192.168.1.15 )<br /><span style="border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 600; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">  Nodes  </span>              – 192.168.1.9 , 192.168.1.10</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Ansible package is not available in the default yum repositories, so we will enable <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/2016/01/how-to-install-epel-repo-on-centos-and.html" target="_blank">epel </a>repository for<a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/centos7" target="_blank"> CentOS 7</a> using below commands</span></div>
<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-family: Monaco, 'Courier New', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: white;">[root@ansible ~]# </span><span style="color: lime;">rpm -iUvh</span><span style="color: white;"> http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/e/epel-release-7-5.noarch.rpm</span></span></pre>
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<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-family: Monaco, 'Courier New', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: white;">[root@ansible ~]# yum install </span><span style="color: lime;">ansible</span></span></pre>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Once the installation is completed, check the ansible version :</span></div>
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</span><span style="color: white; font-family: Monaco, 'Courier New', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace; font-size: large; line-height: 19px; white-space: pre-wrap;">ansible 1.9.2
      </span><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 19px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Monaco, Courier New, DejaVu Sans Mono, Bitstream Vera Sans Mono, monospace; font-size: large;">configured module search path = None</span></span></pre>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Generate keys on the Ansible server and copy public key to the nodes.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #111111; font-family: arial, 'helvetica neue', helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 27px;">Sample outputs:</span></div>
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<pre style="background-color: #fafbfc; clear: both; color: #666666; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, Menlo, Courier, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 27px; margin-bottom: 27px; overflow: auto; padding: 14px; tab-size: 4; word-wrap: normal;">Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
94:a0:19:02:ba:25:23:7f:ee:6c:fb:e8:38:b4:f2:42 info@hackthesec.co.in
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
|... . .          |
|.  . + . .       |
|= . o   o        |
|.*     .         |
|. . .   S        |
| E.o             |
|.. ..            |
|o o+..           |
| +o+*o.          |
+-----------------+</pre>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Use ssh-copy-id command to copy public key of Ansible server to its nodes.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">File ‘<span style="border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 600; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/etc/ansible/hosts</span>‘ maintains the inventory of servers for Ansible.</span></div>
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[test-servers]
192.168.1.9
192.168.1.10</span></span></pre>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Save and exit the file.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Sample output of hosts file.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Check the connectivity of ‘test-servers’ or ansible nodes using ping</span></div>
<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: large;"><span style="color: white;">[root@ansible ~]# </span><span style="color: lime;">ansible -m ping</span><span style="color: white;"> 'test-servers'</span></span></pre>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVV0K0EJRiTi33XQZ2DThbrVUOzcXiv5bu4dWOOYSSE_I5xRueeSNdo5fZD-iLxo_4X4wL2TEv-3o_EXc58KRi_x3SqBP6CNFkcGTcuSV9T7LeuHNnDJTWudh7dYG4MTnrmFSi8F-apHd1/s1600/ansible-ping_www.hackthesec.co.in.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVV0K0EJRiTi33XQZ2DThbrVUOzcXiv5bu4dWOOYSSE_I5xRueeSNdo5fZD-iLxo_4X4wL2TEv-3o_EXc58KRi_x3SqBP6CNFkcGTcuSV9T7LeuHNnDJTWudh7dYG4MTnrmFSi8F-apHd1/s1600/ansible-ping_www.hackthesec.co.in.jpg" /></a></div>
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<span style="border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 600; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Example :1 Check the uptime of Ansible nodes</span></span></div>
<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: large;"><span style="color: white;">[root@ansible ~]# </span><span style="color: lime;">ansible -m</span><span style="color: white;"> command -a "uptime" 'test-servers'</span></span></pre>
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<span style="border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 600; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Example:2 Check Kernel Version of nodes</span></span></div>
<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-family: Monaco, 'Courier New', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: white;">[root@ansible ~]# ansible -m </span><span style="color: lime;">command -a "uname -r" 'test-servers'</span></span></pre>
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<span style="border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 600; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Example:3 Adding a user to the nodes</span></span></div>
<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-family: Monaco, 'Courier New', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: white;">[root@ansible ~]# ansible -m command -a "useradd mark" 'test-servers'
[root@ansible ~]# ansible -m command -a "</span><span style="color: lime;">grep mark /etc/passwd</span><span style="color: white;">" 'test-servers'</span></span></pre>
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<span style="border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 600; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Example:4 Redirecting the output of command to a file</span></span></div>
<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-family: Monaco, 'Courier New', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: white;">[root@ansible ~]# ansible -m command -a "</span><span style="color: lime;">df -Th" 'test-servers</span><span style="color: white;">' > /tmp/command-output.txt</span></span></pre>
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