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Five Penetration Testing Tools

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<span style="color: red; font-size: x-large;"><u>Five Pentest Tools for you</u></span></h1>
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A pentest, short-name for <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">penetration test</strong>, is a software attack which looks for security weaknesses in a system. Penetration tests are a component of a full security audit. For example, <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard requires penetration testing on a regular schedule, and after system changes</strong>.</div>
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In this article, we will talk about five open source pentest tools, but remember that their use against systems not owned by you could <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">lead to legal troubles</strong>. Keep it in mind!</div>
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<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">OSWAP ZAP</strong></h3>
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<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><a href="https://www.owasp.org/">OSWAP </a>ZAP</strong> can help a system administrator find malicious codes <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">embedded in a Web application</strong>. This software lets an admin choose between automated and manual scanning. When starting the session for the first time, admin will be asked whether he wants the session to be persisted.</div>
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<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Zenmap</strong></h3>
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Maybe you already know Nmap, a security scanner used to discover hosts and services on a computer network. Commands given to this program are processed sequentially. This makes more difficult for the administrator to track which commands were erroneously entered in previous steps. <a href="https://nmap.org/zenmap/"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Zenmap</strong> </a>tries to solve this problem, implementing a GUI, and an interface for saving profiles and creating sets of Nmap commands.</div>
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<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Scapy</strong></h3>
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<a href="http://www.secdev.org/projects/scapy/">Scapy </a>is a tool which permits to <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">interactively decode and inject packets and get answers</strong>. Scapy module can also be imported inside a Python program. There are also optional packages for plotting, 3D graphics, WEP encryption and Web application fingerprinting.</div>
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<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">BeEF</strong></h3>
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<a href="http://beefproject.com/">BeEF </a>(Browser Exploitation Framework) it’s a GUI-based open source tool, which<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">examines how someone could use the Web browser to exploit vulnerabilities</strong>. It can hook one or more Web browsers and use them as beachheads for launching further attacks against the system</div>
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<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">sqlmap</strong></h3>
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<a href="http://sqlmap.org/">sqlmap </a>is a CLI software designed for automating the process of detecting and exploiting SQL injection flaws and taking over of database servers. It as <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">full support for MySQL, Oracle, PostgreSQL, Microsoft SQL Server, Microsoft Access, IBM DB2, SQLite, Firebird, Sybase, SAP MaxDB and HSQLDB database management systems</strong>.</div>
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Five Penetration Testing Tools

Five Pentest Tools for you A pentest, short-name for penetration test , is a software attack which looks for security weaknesses in a ...

How To Setup SSH Keys

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<span style="color: red; font-size: x-large;"><u>Setup SSH Keys</u></span></h1>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">SSH keys are by far the most secure way of logging into your cloud server via SSH. Passwords can be eventually cracked using brute-force attacks if they are too easy. If they are complex passwords, they become very hard to remember and writing them down defeats the purpose of a password.</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b>SSH </b>keys are nearly impossible to decipher using a brute force attack. If you generate an <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/SSH">SSH key</a>, you will get a pair of two very long string of characters: a public and private key.</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Public keys are stored on the server that you’re trying to login to, the only possible tool which could unlock this public key is the private key which will be stored with you. SSH uses this to verify your identity by making sure that your private key can unlock the public key installed on the server.</span></span></div>
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<b><u><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: large;">Create the <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/SSH">SSH</a> key pairs</span></u></b></div>
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The first step is to generate the combination of the public and private key. This can easily be done by opening a terminal window on the machine you will be using to access the remote server (most likely your own workstation).</div>
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In this example, we will be using RSA keys. The default values should be the correct ones, so you can simply just press enter to accept the default values. However, you may choose to add a passphrase for additional protection.</div>
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The passphrase is a password which unlocks your private key, which means that in order for someone to gain access, they must have both the private key and your passphrase. You can opt to not using a passphrase if you do not want to type a password each time.</div>
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<span style="color: lime; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">[root@hackthesec]# ssh-keygen -t rsa</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">Generating public/private rsa key pair.</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">Enter file in which to save the key (/Users/user/.ssh/id_rsa): test</span></span></div>
<span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
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<span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">Your identification has been saved in /Users/user/.ssh/id_rsa.</span></span></div>
<span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">Enter same passphrase again:
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<span style="color: lime; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">Your public key has been saved in /Users/user/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">As you see by the results of the command, we now have an <b>id_rsa</b> and <b>id_rsa.pub</b> file which contain your private and public key respectively. We can now distribute this public key to servers where we would like to use public key authentication.</span></span></div>
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<b><u><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: large;">Installing Public Key</span></u></b></div>
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The SSH software stack comes with a useful little program called ssh-copy-id which facilitates the installation of <b>SSH keys</b> on your target server. All you have to do is run the following, replacing user and host by the appropriate information for your remote host.</div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">[root@hackthesec]# </span></span><span style="line-height: 15.6px; text-align: left;"><span style="color: lime; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;">ssh-copy-id</span><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;"> user@host</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">If your operating system does not have that command included, you can run the following command instead. If you get an error about your<b> .ssh</b> folder not existing, you should login to your server and create that folder by running <b>mkdir ~/.ssh.</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">[root@hackthesec]# </span></span><span style="line-height: 15.6px; text-align: left;"><span style="color: lime; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;">cat /Users/user/.ssh/id_rsa.pub</span><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;"> | ssh user@host "cat >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys"</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">From now on, you can SSH to the server and you will note that your server will not ask for any passwords at all. The only thing it may ask for is your passphrase if you have configured one for your private key.</span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/">hackthesec.co.in</a></div>
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How To Setup SSH Keys

Setup SSH Keys SSH keys are by far the most secure way of logging into your cloud server via SSH. Passwords can be eventually cracked u...

Install Mod_Pagespeed to Speed Up Apache and Nginx Performance Upto 10x

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<span style="color: red; font-size: x-large;"><u>Install Mod_Pagespeed to Speed Up Apache and Nginx</u></span></h1>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 26px;"><b>What Is Mod_PageSpeed</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Mod_pagespeed is an open-source Apache HTTP Server or Nginx webservers module, which automatically applies chosen filters to pages and associated assets, such as stylesheets, JavaScript, and HTML files, as well as to images and website cache requirements. The largest advantage of this module is that it does not require modifications to existing content or workflow, meaning that all internal optimizations and changes to files are made on the server side, presenting modified files directly to the user. Each of 40+ filters corresponds to one of Google’s web performance best practices rules.</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; text-align: left;">.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Optimization Libraries</u></b></span></span></div>
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<li><span style="color: #222222; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 26px;">Canonicalize Javascript libraries</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 26px;">Defer Javascript</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 26px;">Inline Javascript</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 26px;">Deduplicate Inlined Images</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 26px;">Extend Cache for Images</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 26px;">Inline Images</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 26px;">Convert GIFs to PNG</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 26px;">Convert JPEGs to Progressive JPEGs</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 26px;">Collapse Whitespace</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 26px;">Local Storage Cache</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 26px;">Combine Heads</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 26px;">Extend Cache for Stylesheets</span></span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; line-height: 26px;">Combine CSS Etc......</span></li>
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<b><u>Other available filters</u></b></div>
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<li>Rewrite Domains</li>
<li>Run Experiment Module</li>
<li>Pre-Resolved DNS</li>
<li>Extend PDFs Cache</li>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 26px;">From packages or build from source on the following supported platforms:</span></span></div>
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<li><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">CentOS/Fedora, both 32-bit and 64-bit</span></li>
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<span style="line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: large;"><b><u>Installing Mod_Pagespeed Module in Linux</u></b></span></span></div>
<div style="font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">
<span style="line-height: 26px;"><b><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: large;">On RHEL/CentOS and Fedora</span></b></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">----------- On 32-bit Systems -----------------
# wget https://dl-ssl.google.com/dl/linux/direct/mod-pagespeed-stable_current_i386.rpm
# yum install at
# rpm -Uvh mod-pagespeed-stable_current_i386.rpm

----------- On 64-bit Systems -----------------
# wget https://dl-ssl.google.com/dl/linux/direct/mod-pagespeed-stable_current_x86_64.rpm
# yum install at
# rpm -Uvh mod-pagespeed-stable_current_x86_64.rpm
</span></span></span></pre>
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;"><br /></span></span></span></div>
</div>
<div>
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 26px;"><b>On Debian and Ubuntu</b></span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">----------- On 32-bit Systems -----------------
$ wget https://dl-ssl.google.com/dl/linux/direct/mod-pagespeed-stable_current_i386.deb

$ sudo dpkg -i mod-pagespeed-stable_current_i386.deb

$ sudo apt-get -f install

----------- On 64-bit Systems -----------------

$ wget https://dl-ssl.google.com/dl/linux/direct/mod-pagespeed-stable_current_amd64.deb

$ sudo dpkg -i mod-pagespeed-stable_current_amd64.deb

$ sudo apt-get -f install
</span></span></span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; text-align: left;">you can update the mod_pagespeed automatically using package manager called yum or apt.</span></div>
<div>
<div>
<ul style="line-height: 26px;"><span style="font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;">
</span></ul>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 26px;"><b><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: large;">Mod_Pagespeed Configuration and Directories</span></b></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;">
</span>
<div>
<div style="color: #222222; line-height: 26px;">
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">The module enables following configuration files and directories Links.</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">/etc/cron.daily/mod-pagespeed : mod_pagespeed cron script for checking and installing latest updates.</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">/etc/httpd/conf.d/pagespeed.conf : The main configuration file for Apache.</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">pagespeed_libraries.conf : The default set of libraries for Apache, loads at Apache startup.</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">/usr/lib{lib64}/httpd/modules/mod_pagespeed.so : mod_pagespeed module for Apache.</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">/var/cache/mod_pagespeed : File caching direcotry for web sites.</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div style="color: #222222; line-height: 26px;">
<ul><span style="font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;">
</span></ul>
</div>
<div style="line-height: 26px;">
<div style="line-height: 26px;">
</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;"></ul>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0px; text-align: left;">
<span style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">Important:For Nginx You can found the mod_pagespeed conf here <b>/usr/local/nginx/conf/</b> directory</span></span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: small; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">.</span></span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 26px;">
<b style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: large;"><u>Configuring Mod_Pagespeed Module</u></span></b></div>
</div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">
</span></span><div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">For Apache mod_pagespeed automatically Start with your installation process, For Nginx you need to place following lines to your nginx.conf file .</span></span></div>
</div>
</span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">pagespeed on;

# Needs to exist and be writable by nginx.  Use tmpfs for best performance.
pagespeed FileCachePath /var/ngx_pagespeed_cache;

# Ensure requests for pagespeed optimized resources go to the pagespeed handler
# and no extraneous headers get set.
location ~ "\.pagespeed\.([a-z]\.)?[a-z]{2}\.[^.]{10}\.[^.]+" {
  add_header "" "";
}
location ~ "^/pagespeed_static/" { }
location ~ "^/ngx_pagespeed_beacon$" { }</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"> </span></span></span></span></pre>
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; line-height: 26px;">
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; line-height: 26px;">
</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px;">
</div>
<br />
<div style="orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; widows: 1;">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><div style="margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Restart your Apache or Nginx server to start mod_pagespeed</span></span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: small; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">.</span></span></b></div>
</span><div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Verifying Mod_Pagespeed Module</u></b></span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 26px;"></span></span><br />
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px;">
</div>
<br />
<div>
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; line-height: 26px;">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">To verify mod_pagespeed module use your domain or IP For Me I am using IP Address.</span></span></span></div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px;"># curl -D- http://192.168.1.25/ | less</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="white-space: normal;">
</span></span></span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; line-height: 26px;"><b><span style="color: #0b5394;">Apache </span></b></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Fri, 08 Mar 2016 08:19:30 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS) PHP/5.4.16
...
</span><span style="color: lime;">X-Mod-Pagespeed: 1.9.32.13-0
</span><span style="color: white;">---</span></span></span></pre>
<div>
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 26px;"><b>Nginx</b></span></span></div>
</div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px;">HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Fri, 08 Mar 2016 08:20:00 GMT
Server: nginx/1.4.0
...
</span><span style="color: lime; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px;">X-Page-Speed: 1.5.27.1-2845
</span><span style="color: white; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px;">...</span><span style="color: #222222; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 26px; white-space: normal;">
</span></span></pre>
<div>
<br />
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px;">
</div>
<br />
<div style="orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; widows: 1;">
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; line-height: 26px;">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">If you don’t see an X-Mod-Pagespeed header, that means mod_pagespeed not working properly or Not Enable Properly.</span></span></span><div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<b style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: x-large; line-height: 26px;"><u>Turning the Module On and Off<br /></u></b><br />
<div>
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; line-height: 26px;">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: #212121; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; text-align: start;">To turn mod_pagespeed ON, insert as the top line of pagespeed.conf:</span></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px;">ModPagespeed off</span><span style="color: #222222; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 26px; white-space: normal;">
</span></span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">There are two ways to disable mod_pagespeed. To disable HTML rewriting but continue to serve .pagespeed. resources and parse query options (for instance for ?ModPagespeed=on) put this line in your configuration:</span></span></div>
<div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: orange; line-height: 15.6px;">ModPagespeed on</span></span></pre>
</div>
<div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="color: orange; line-height: 26px;"></span></span><br />
<div>
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; line-height: 26px;">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">To completely disable mod_pagespeed (.pagespeed. resources will result in 404s) use the following line:</span></span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 26px;"></span></span><br />
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">ModPagespeed </span><span style="color: lime;">unplugged</span></span></span></pre>
<b style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: x-large; line-height: 26px;"><u>Turning the Module On and Off FOR </u></b><span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Nginx</u></b></span></span><br />
<br />
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 26px;"></span></span></div>
<br />
<div style="orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; widows: 1;">
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; line-height: 26px;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><div style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px;">
To turn ngx_pagespeed ON, put anywhere in your http or server block:</div>
<div style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px;">
</div>
<div>
<div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="color: orange; line-height: 26px;"></span></span></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; line-height: 26px;">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<br />
<div>
<div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin: 0px 0px 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: orange; line-height: 15.6px;">pagespeed on;</span></span></pre>
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</div>
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</div>
</span><div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
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<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px;">
</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px;">
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To turn ngx_pagespeed OFF, use off:</div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: lime; line-height: 15.6px;">pagespeed off;</span></span></pre>
<b style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: x-large; line-height: 26px;"><u><br /></u></b></div>
<div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; line-height: 26px;"><u>FOR MORE INFO FOLLOW THE LINK BELLOW</u></span></div>
<div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; line-height: 26px;"><a href="https://developers.google.com/speed/pagespeed/module/">https://developers.google.com/speed/pagespeed/module/.</a></span></div>
</div>
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; line-height: 26px;">
<a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/">HACKTHESEC.CO.IN</a></div>
</div>
</div>

Install Mod_Pagespeed to Speed Up Apache and Nginx Performance Upto 10x

Install Mod_Pagespeed to Speed Up Apache and Nginx What Is Mod_PageSpeed Mod_pagespeed is an open-source Apache HTTP Server or Nginx...

Rsync-Automatic Backup Script

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<span style="font-size: x-large;"><b><u>Rsync-Backup Script</u></b></span><br />
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<div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">rsync is a widely-used utility to keep copies of a file on two computer systems the same. It is commonly found on Unix-like systems and functions as both a file synchronization and file transfer program. The rsync algorithm, a type of delta encoding, is used to minimize network usage. Zlib may be used for additional compression, and <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/SSH">SSH </a>or stunnel can be used for data security.</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifikxORTcCWGEKUMGs1B6qcE1FGZYXx-mprnhY8QwnPw9dNKSTaGTZZPm_lirxHa8AENfuM2DO4WARHmwYpEE7R1Od8Eax49M_8FbrwO6iCOKtZ3y7Fjy213cJsCYpHW5hV-h17xVcTzx-/s1600/Rsync-data-backup-www.hackthesec.co.in.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifikxORTcCWGEKUMGs1B6qcE1FGZYXx-mprnhY8QwnPw9dNKSTaGTZZPm_lirxHa8AENfuM2DO4WARHmwYpEE7R1Od8Eax49M_8FbrwO6iCOKtZ3y7Fjy213cJsCYpHW5hV-h17xVcTzx-/s1600/Rsync-data-backup-www.hackthesec.co.in.jpg" /></a></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Rsync is typically used to synchronize files and directories between two different systems. For example, if the command rsync local-file user@remote-host:remote-file is run, rsync will use SSH to connect as user to remote-host. Once connected, it will invoke the remote host's rsync and then the two programs will determine what parts of the file need to be transferred over the connection.</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Rsync can also operate in a daemon mode, serving files in the native rsync protocol (using the "<a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/rsync">rsync</a>://" syntax).</span></span></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-large;"><b><u><a href="http://hackthesec.byethost22.com/rsync-backup.sh">DOWNLOAD HERE</a></u></b></span></div>
</div>

Rsync-Automatic Backup Script

Rsync-Backup Script rsync is a widely-used utility to keep copies of a file on two computer systems the same. It is commonly found on Un...

How To Create An Off-Site Backup Of Your Site With Rsync On Centos 6

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<h1 class="content-title" style="background-color: white; font-family: proxima-nova, sans-serif; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="color: #660000; font-size: large;"><u>Backup Of Your Site With Rsync On Centos 6</u></span></h1>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">There are two ways to do backup: incremental and full backups. A full backup copies all the data, while the snapshot only handles the changes since the last update.</span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjP9lXyRenQunM7aWiKUiXHl0FBxPohZxc_B_trNi76iWAL_-5AaQajlHiEon2jz7pqgqVrG_BEny7WyNf_DJ6xdzNTUqJtnfByFL4haI9FhU-wwDRDuHMVw4QNmbsRbk2qXLPWumdjmnj-/s1600/Rsync-data-backup-www.hackthesec.co.in.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjP9lXyRenQunM7aWiKUiXHl0FBxPohZxc_B_trNi76iWAL_-5AaQajlHiEon2jz7pqgqVrG_BEny7WyNf_DJ6xdzNTUqJtnfByFL4haI9FhU-wwDRDuHMVw4QNmbsRbk2qXLPWumdjmnj-/s1600/Rsync-data-backup-www.hackthesec.co.in.jpg" /></a></div>
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<b><u><span style="font-size: large;">Full Backup</span></u></b></div>
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Full backup typically does the following:</div>
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<ul>
<li>Make an archive of all the files in a folder</li>
<li>Copy the resulting archive to a remote server.</li>
</ul>
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<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">
As noted, our data will reside in /var/www/wordpress directory. We will designate a backup folder location.</div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 19.2px;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec </span></span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 19.2px;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">/]</span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;"># </span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: white; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px; text-align: justify;">mkdir -p /backup/wordpress</span></pre>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">The above command will create a /backup directory, and a /backup/wordpress directory, if they do not exist. To create a full snapshot of our data, we use the linux tool called tar.</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 19.2px;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec </span></span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 19.2px;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">/]</span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;"># </span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;">tar -czf /backup/wordpress/initial_backup.tar.gz </span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: white; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px;">/var/www/wordpress</span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Tar will create a gzip archive in a file initial_backup.tar.gz. We could add a v flag (so we get tar -czvf) if we want a verbose output (list of filenames). We name the file initial_backup.tar.gz so that we know that this is an initial backup, it is archived with tar and iz is zipped in a gzip format. Tar will use whatever arguments we provide as a source, in our case it will backup /var/www/wordpress directory. We could pass two or more arguments, whether they be files or folders: ie.</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 19.2px;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec </span></span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 19.2px;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">/]</span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;"># </span></span><span style="line-height: 15.6px; text-align: left;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;">tar -czf /backup/cms_systems_backup.tar.gz /var/www/wordpress </span></span><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px;">/var/www/drupal /var/www/joomla</span></div>
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<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">
The last command would backup all of our installed cms systems.</div>
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">
Now, for our future backups, we may want to add a date when the backup was taken:</div>
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<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 19.2px;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec </span></span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 19.2px;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">/]</span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;"># </span></span><span style="line-height: 15.6px; text-align: left;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;">tar -czf /backup/wordpress/wordpress-`date '+%m%d%y'`.tar.gz </span></span><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px;">/var/www/wordpress</span></div>
</pre>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Lets' see what we have now:</span></span></div>
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<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 19.2px;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec </span></span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 19.2px;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">/]</span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;"># </span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;">ls -l /backup/wordpress/
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="background-color: transparent;">-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4995743 Mar 4 12:16 initial_backup.tar.gz</span></div>
total 9760
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="background-color: transparent;">-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4995743 Mar 4 12:25 wordpress-041713.tar.gz</span></div>
</span></span></pre>
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<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">
</div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Now, to schedule this daily, we need to create a crontab entry. Crontab is a linux task scheduler: we tell it when to do something and what task to actually do. Anyway, we open up the crontab editor:</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #333333; line-height: 19.2px;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec </span></span></span><span style="color: #333333; line-height: 19.2px;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">/]</span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;"># </span></span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;">crontab -e</span></span></pre>
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<div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Now we need to tell cron to backup, say, every day at 3.30am, when there is hopefully not a lot of traffic. We will also tell it to email us any findings. We put this content into crontab:</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre class="xtypo_info" style="background: url("assets/shadow.png") 50% 100% repeat-x rgb(245, 245, 245); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.42857; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; tab-size: 4; text-align: left; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;">MAILTO=email@example.com
30 3 * * * /bin/tar -czf /backup/wordpress/wordpress-`date +\%m\%d\%y`.tar.gz /var/www/wordpress</pre>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">We save the file with CTRL-X and confirm with Y and Enter. The above command will tell linux to repeat our command every day at 3:30. We also told cron to email us with the results. </span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Copy the Backups to Another Remote Server</u></b></span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">To copy the backups to another remote server, we will use scp - secure copy. First, we need to generate an SSH key:</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #333333; line-height: 19.2px;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec </span></span></span><span style="color: #333333; line-height: 19.2px;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">/]</span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;"># </span></span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;">ssh-keygen</span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">We can leave the passphrase empty for now, and use the /root/.ssh/id_rsa_backup key file (or /home/username/.ssh/id_rsa_backup if we're not running as root). Now we can check the public key part:</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #333333; line-height: 19.2px;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec </span></span></span><span style="color: #333333; line-height: 19.2px;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">/]</span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;"># </span></span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;">cat .ssh/id_rsa_backup.pub</span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">We need to copy this public part of SSH key to the remote server, to a file authorized_keys. I assume we already have a remote server called backup.example.com and a user backup.</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #333333; line-height: 19.2px;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec </span></span></span><span style="color: #333333; line-height: 19.2px;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">/]</span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;"># </span></span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;">scp .ssh/id_rsa_backup.pub
backup@backup.example.com:/home/backup/backup_key.pub</span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">We'll be prompted for the backup users' password. We copied the file, now let's add it where it should be, in authorized_keys. I cannot assume that this user already has the file and folder set up, so lets check that info:</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #333333; line-height: 19.2px;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec </span></span></span><span style="color: #333333; line-height: 19.2px;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">/]</span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;"># </span></span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;">ssh backup@backup.example.com "mkdir -p /home/backup/.ssh"

</span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 19.2px; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec </span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 19.2px; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">/]</span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: white;"># </span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;">ssh backup@backup.example.com "mkdir -p /home/backup/backups"</span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">
</span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">The few commands above created a directory for SSH to work with, if it didn't exist, and also the authorized_keys file, which needs to be present for backups to work. We also created a backups directory to store our files to. Now what is left is to copy our public key to that file.</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 19.2px; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec </span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 19.2px; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">/]</span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: white;"># </span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;">ssh backup@backup.example.com "cat /home/backup/backup_key.pub >> /home/backup/.ssh/authorized_keys"</span></span></pre>
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<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">
Now we can use this key to copy stuff in the future.</div>
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">
Now, let's copy the backup file over there:</div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 19.2px; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec </span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 19.2px; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">/]</span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: white;"># </span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;">scp -i .ssh/id_rsa_backup
/backup/wordpress/wordpress-041713.tar.gz backup@backup.example.com:/home/backup/backups</span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">If our key setup was correct, the file will be copied and we won't be asked for passwords. We can check that the file is really there:</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 19.2px; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec </span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 19.2px; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">/]</span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: white;"># </span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;">ssh backup@backup.example.com "ls -l /home/backup/backups"</span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">
</span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Ok, we can now schedule this action to the crontab too. Start the crontab editor again:</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 19.2px; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec </span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 19.2px; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">/]</span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: white;"># </span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;">crontab -e</span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">We will now alter our backup line: we want to add info to copy our backup archive when it's created. So, we append the new command so that it looks like this:</span></span></div>
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<pre class="xtypo_info" style="background: url("assets/shadow.png") 50% 100% repeat-x rgb(245, 245, 245); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.42857; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; tab-size: 4; text-align: left; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;">30 3 * * * /bin/tar -czf /backup/wordpress/wordpress-`date
+\%m\%d\%y`.tar.gz /var/www/wordpress;/usr/bin/scp -i
/root/.ssh/id_rsa_backup /backup/wordpress/wordpress-`date
+\%m\%d\%y`.tar.gz
backup@backup.example.com:/home/backup/backups</pre>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Incremental Backup</u></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">But what if we have our own backup software at another server? We just want to synchronize the data over, and then leave the other server to do the backup work. In addition, we want to preserve file stamps. Then we use rsync. The use case here is that we want to just incrementally copy over everything from /var/www/wordpress to a remote server, this time to a /home/backup/snapshots/wordpress directory. Here is a simple command to do all that:</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 19.2px; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec </span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 19.2px; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">/]</span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: white;"># </span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;">ssh backup@backup.example.com "mkdir -p /home/backup/sync" rsync -avz --delete -e "ssh -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa_backup" /var/www/wordpress backup@backup.example.com:/home/backup/sync</span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">The first line creates a snapshot directory and the second copies the changed files over. That means the files that were modified, newly created or deleted. We can schedule it in cron too:</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 19.2px; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec </span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 19.2px; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">/]</span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: white;"># </span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;">crontab -e</span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">The crontab line should look like this:</span></span></div>
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<pre class="xtypo_info" style="background: url("assets/shadow.png") 50% 100% repeat-x rgb(245, 245, 245); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.42857; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; tab-size: 4; text-align: left; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;">30 3 * * * /usr/bin/rsync -avz --delete -e "ssh -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa_backup" /var/www/wordpress backup@backup.example.com:/home/backup/sync</pre>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Backup Database</u></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">We can also backup our database. First, we want to dump the data. If we followed the wordpress install guide, we also have a database wordpress, accessed by user wordpressuser with password password. We can do the initial dump like this:</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 19.2px; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">[root@hackthesec </span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 19.2px; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">/]</span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: white;"># </span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;">mkdir /backup/mysql
mysqldump < wordpress -u wordpressuser -ppassword | gzip > /backup/mysql/initial.sql.gz</span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">This command created a initial.sql.gz gziped SQL file. To do it on a daily basis, we can schedule it in cron, like before. Our resulting cron line should look like this:</span></span></div>
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<pre class="xtypo_info" style="background: url("assets/shadow.png") 50% 100% repeat-x rgb(245, 245, 245); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.42857; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; tab-size: 4; text-align: left; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;">0 4 * * * /usr/bin/mysqldump < wordpress -u wordpressuser
-ppassword | /bin/gzip > /backup/mysql/mysql--`date +\%m\%d\%y`.sql.gz</pre>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Now we could also combine it with scp or rsync to copy it remotely.</span></span></div>
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<pre class="xtypo_info" style="background: url("assets/shadow.png") 50% 100% repeat-x rgb(245, 245, 245); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.42857; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; tab-size: 4; text-align: left; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;">0 4 * * * /usr/bin/mysqldump < wordpress -u wordpressuser
-ppassword | /bin/gzip > /backup/mysql/mysql-`date +\%m\%d\%y`.sql.gz;
/usr/bin/scp -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa_backup /backup/mysql/mysql-`date
+\%m\%d\%y`.sql.gz  backup@backup.example.com:/home/backup/
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