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How to Install and Configure vsftpd on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS

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<h1 class="entry-title" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: proxima-nova, sans-serif; line-height: 3.4rem; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="color: #990000; font-size: x-large;"><u>Install and Configure vsftpd on Ubuntu</u></span></h1>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/vsftp">vsftpd</a>, (or very secure FTP daemon),is an <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/ftp">FTP server</a> for Unix-like systems, including Linux. It is licensed under the GNU General Public License. It supports IPv6 and SSL.</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">vsftpd supports explicit (since 2.0.0) and implicit (since 2.1.0) FTPS.</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">vsftpd is the default FTP server in the <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/Ubuntu">Ubuntu</a>, <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/Centos">CentOS</a>, Fedora, NimbleX, Slackware and <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/RHEL">RHEL </a><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/Linux%20Tutorial">Linux distributions</a>.</span></span></div>
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<div style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; line-height: 19.2px;">
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 26px;"><u><span style="font-size: large;">Install vsftpd</span></u></span></span></div>
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.2px;">
<span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">First, you’ll follow a simple best practice: ensuring the list of available packages is up to date before installing anything new.</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="color: #333333; line-height: 19.2px;"><span style="color: white; line-height: 15.6px;">[root@hackthesec]# </span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">apt-get update</span></span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Then let’s install vsftpd and any required packages:</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="color: #333333; line-height: 19.2px;"><span style="color: white; line-height: 15.6px;">[root@hackthesec]# </span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: large;">apt-get -y install vsftpd</span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 26px;"><u>Configure vsftpd</u></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Let’s edit the configuration file for vsftpd:</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="color: #333333; line-height: 19.2px;"><span style="color: white; line-height: 15.6px;">[root@hackthesec]# </span></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: large;">vim /etc/vsftpd.conf</span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Disallow anonymous, unidentified users to access files via FTP; change the <b>anonymous_enable setting to NO</b>:</span></span></div>
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<pre class="xtypo_info" style="background: url("assets/shadow.png") 50% 100% repeat-x rgb(245, 245, 245); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.42857; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;">anonymous_enable=NO</pre>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Allow local uses to login by changing the <b>local_enable setting to YES</b>:</span></span></div>
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<pre class="xtypo_info" style="background: url("assets/shadow.png") 50% 100% repeat-x rgb(245, 245, 245); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.42857; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;">local_enable=YES</pre>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">If you want local user to be able to write to a directory, then change the <b>write_enable setting to YES:</b></span></span></div>
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<pre class="xtypo_info" style="background: url("assets/shadow.png") 50% 100% repeat-x rgb(245, 245, 245); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.42857; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;">write_enable=YES</pre>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Local users will be ‘chroot jailed’ and they will be denied access to any other part of the server; change the <b>chroot_local_user setting to YES:</b></span></span></div>
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<pre class="xtypo_info" style="background: url("assets/shadow.png") 50% 100% repeat-x rgb(245, 245, 245); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.42857; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;">chroot_local_user=YES</pre>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Exit and save the file with the command :wq</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 26px;"><u>Restart the vsftpd service:</u></span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">service vsftpd restart</span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 26px;"><u>Configure the User’s Home Directory</u></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">With certain version of vsftpd you may receive the following error:<b> 500 OOPS: vsftpd: refusing to run with writable root inside chroot().</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><br /></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Create a new directory for the user receiving the error (testuser in this case) that is a subdirectory of their home directory (/home/</span></span><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">testuser </span><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">). For example:</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Fix permissions for </span></span><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">testuser </span><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"> home directory:</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">chmod a-w /home/testuser/</span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Make a new directory for uploading files:</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">mkdir /home/</span></span><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 15.6px;">testuser</span><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 15.6px;">/</span><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 15.6px;">testuser</span><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 15.6px;">
</span><span style="color: white; font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">chown </span></span><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 15.6px;">testuser</span><span style="color: white; font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">:</span></span><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 15.6px;">testuser</span><span style="color: white; font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">/home/</span></span><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 15.6px;">testuser</span><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 15.6px;">/</span><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 15.6px;">testuser</span><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 15.6px;">/</span></pre>
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How to Install and Configure phpMyAdmin on Fedora 21

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<h1 class="entry-title" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: proxima-nova, sans-serif; line-height: 3.4rem; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><u>Install and Configure phpMyAdmin on Fedora</u></span></h1>
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<div style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.2px;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #222222;"><b>phpMyAdmin </b>is a free and open source tool written in PHP intended to handle the administration of <span style="color: #999999;">MySQL</span> or <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/MaraiDB">MariaDB </a>with the use of a web browser. It can perform various tasks such as creating, modifying or deleting databases, tables, fields or rows; executing SQL statements; or managing users and permissions</span></span><span style="color: #222222; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">.</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.2px; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNCpdbB4bEgUSF6aVH3Z9gWiTv9-Hq3fwF6NC8IVFj53JubxJK6MiF5hyphenhyphen7V9Ty5f3s8IUof1Rm0Xf2kp1feQ0P4TGrRcv1bl6tWXgMl5kFoTRwNYIs-OMsF4FaDZndJTeLyOtm2pGUba2f/s1600/login_phpmyadmin_www.hackthesec.co.in.png" imageanchor="1" style="color: #999999; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-decoration: none;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNCpdbB4bEgUSF6aVH3Z9gWiTv9-Hq3fwF6NC8IVFj53JubxJK6MiF5hyphenhyphen7V9Ty5f3s8IUof1Rm0Xf2kp1feQ0P4TGrRcv1bl6tWXgMl5kFoTRwNYIs-OMsF4FaDZndJTeLyOtm2pGUba2f/s1600/login_phpmyadmin_www.hackthesec.co.in.png" style="border: 1px solid rgb(192, 192, 192); height: auto; max-width: 95%; padding: 4px; transition: all 0.4s ease-in-out;" /></a></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Features</u></b></span></span></div>
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<ul style="font-size: 12px;">
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Web interface</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">MySQL and MariaDB database management</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Import data from CSV and SQL</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Export data to various formats: CSV, <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/sql" style="color: #999999; text-decoration: none;">SQL</a>, XML, PDF (via the TCPDF library), ISO/IEC 26300 - OpenDocument Text and Spreadsheet, Word, Excel, LaTeX and others</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Administering multiple servers</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Creating PDF graphics of the database layout</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Creating complex queries using Query-by-Example (QBE)</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Searching globally in a database or a subset of it</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Transforming stored data into any format using a set of predefined functions, like displaying BLOB-data as image or download-link</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Live charts to monitor MySQL server activity like connections, processes, CPU/Memory usage, etc.</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Working with different operating systems</span></li>
</ul>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 26px;"><u><span style="font-size: large;">Install phpMyAdmin</span></u></span></span></div>
<div style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.2px;">
<span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">First, you’ll follow a simple best practice: ensuring the list of available packages is up to date before installing anything new.</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: white; line-height: 15.6px;">[root@hackthesec]# </span><span style="color: white;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">yum -y update</span></span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">After That Run Following Command:-</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: white; line-height: 15.6px;">[root@hackthesec]# </span><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">yum -y install </span><span style="color: orange;">phpmyadmin</span></span></span></pre>
</div>
<div style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.2px;">
<span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">To secure <b>phpMyAdmin </b>we should lock down access to a specific IP address. When the phpMyAdmin package is installed, an Apache Virtual Host file is added to configure web access. Let’s edit that file:</span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 19.2px;">
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: white; line-height: 15.6px;">[root@hackthesec]# vi </span><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">/etc/httpd/conf.d/</span><span style="color: lime;">phpMyAdmin.conf</span></span></span></pre>
</div>
<div style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.2px;">
<span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">By default, the configuration for phpMyAdmin only allows access from the server on which it is installed. so you want to allow for all or you can only use your IP address for access..</span></span></div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.2px;">
<span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><div>
Require ip 127.0.0.1</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Allow from 127.0.0.1</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Require ip 127.0.0.1</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Allow from 127.0.0.1</div>
<div>
Allow from your IPadress ... </div>
<div>
Or </div>
</span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.2px;">
<span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Just Commit the following line </span></span><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">"</span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><span style="color: red;">Deny from All</span></b><span style="color: #222222;">"</span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; line-height: 19.2px;">
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;"> <span style="font-size: large;"><IfModule !mod_authz_core.c>
     # Apache 2.2
     Order Deny,Allow
</span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: lime;">     #Deny from All
</span><span style="color: white;">     Allow from 127.0.0.1
     Allow from ::1
   </IfModule></span></span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12px;"><span style="white-space: normal;"></span></span></pre>
<div style="font-size: 12px;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Restart Apache:</u></b></span></span></div>
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; line-height: 19.2px;">
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="font-size: large;">service httpd restart</span></span></span></pre>
<div>
<div>
<span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Verify that phpMyAdmin is working by visiting http://the_IP_of_your_server/phpmyadmin. </span></span></div>
<div style="font-size: 12px;">
<span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">For example: http://demo.hackthesec.co.in/phpmyadmin</span></span></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.2px;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #999999;"><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/">www.hackthesec.co.in</a></span></span></div>
</div>
</div>

How to Install and Configure phpMyAdmin on Fedora 21

Install and Configure phpMyAdmin on Fedora phpMyAdmin is a free and open source tool written in PHP intended to handle the administrat...

How to Install XCache on CentOS 7

How to Install XCache on CentOS 7

Install XCache on CentOS 7 XCache is a fast, stable PHP opcode cacher that has been tested and is now running on production servers unde...

How to Install and Configure phpMyAdmin on CentOS 6

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h1 class="entry-title" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: proxima-nova, sans-serif; line-height: 3.4rem; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><u>Install and Configure phpMyAdmin on CentOS</u></span></h1>
<div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><b>phpMyAdmin </b>is a free and open source tool written in PHP intended to handle the administration of <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/Mysql">MySQL</a> or <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/MaraiDB">MariaDB </a>with the use of a web browser. It can perform various tasks such as creating, modifying or deleting databases, tables, fields or rows; executing SQL statements; or managing users and permissions</span></span><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">.</span></div>
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNCpdbB4bEgUSF6aVH3Z9gWiTv9-Hq3fwF6NC8IVFj53JubxJK6MiF5hyphenhyphen7V9Ty5f3s8IUof1Rm0Xf2kp1feQ0P4TGrRcv1bl6tWXgMl5kFoTRwNYIs-OMsF4FaDZndJTeLyOtm2pGUba2f/s1600/login_phpmyadmin_www.hackthesec.co.in.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNCpdbB4bEgUSF6aVH3Z9gWiTv9-Hq3fwF6NC8IVFj53JubxJK6MiF5hyphenhyphen7V9Ty5f3s8IUof1Rm0Xf2kp1feQ0P4TGrRcv1bl6tWXgMl5kFoTRwNYIs-OMsF4FaDZndJTeLyOtm2pGUba2f/s1600/login_phpmyadmin_www.hackthesec.co.in.png" /></a></div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Features</u></b></span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Web interface</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">MySQL and MariaDB database management</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Import data from CSV and SQL</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Export data to various formats: CSV, <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/sql">SQL</a>, XML, PDF (via the TCPDF library), ISO/IEC 26300 - OpenDocument Text and Spreadsheet, Word, Excel, LaTeX and others</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Administering multiple servers</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Creating PDF graphics of the database layout</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Creating complex queries using Query-by-Example (QBE)</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Searching globally in a database or a subset of it</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Transforming stored data into any format using a set of predefined functions, like displaying BLOB-data as image or download-link</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Live charts to monitor MySQL server activity like connections, processes, CPU/Memory usage, etc.</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Working with different operating systems</span></li>
</ul>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<span style="line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><u>Add the EPEL Repository</u></b></span></span></div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/phpmyadmin">phpMyAdmin </a>is part of Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux (<a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/EPEL">EPEL</a>), which is a community repository of non-standard packages for the <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/RHEL">RHEL</a> distribution. First, we’ll install the EPEL repository:</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: white; line-height: 15.6px;">[root@hackthesec]# </span><span style="color: white;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">rpm -iUvh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm</span></span></span></pre>
</div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 26px;"><u>Install phpMyAdmin</u></span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">First, you’ll follow a simple best practice: ensuring the list of available packages is up to date before installing anything new.</span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: white; line-height: 15.6px;">[root@hackthesec]# </span><span style="color: white;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">yum -y update</span></span></span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">After That Run Following Command:-</span></span></div>
</div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: white; line-height: 15.6px;">[root@hackthesec]# </span><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">yum -y install </span><span style="color: orange;">phpmyadmin</span></span></span></pre>
</div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">To secure <b>phpMyAdmin </b>we should lock down access to a specific IP address. When the phpMyAdmin package is installed, an Apache Virtual Host file is added to configure web access. Let’s edit that file:</span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: white; line-height: 15.6px;">[root@hackthesec]# vi </span><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">/etc/httpd/conf.d/</span><span style="color: lime;">phpMyAdmin.conf</span></span></span></pre>
</div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">By default, the configuration for phpMyAdmin only allows access from the server on which it is installed. so you want to allow for all or you can only use your IP address for access..</span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><div>
Require ip 127.0.0.1</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Allow from 127.0.0.1</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Require ip 127.0.0.1</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Allow from 127.0.0.1</div>
<div>
Allow from your IPadress ... </div>
<div>
Or </div>
</span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Just Commit the following line </span></span><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">"</span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: red;">Deny from All</span></b><span style="color: #222222;">"</span></span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;"> <IfModule !mod_authz_core.c>
     # Apache 2.2
     Order Deny,Allow
</span><span style="color: lime;">     #Deny from All
</span><span style="color: white;">     Allow from 127.0.0.1
     Allow from ::1
   </IfModule></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><span style="white-space: normal;">
</span></span></pre>
<div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Restart Apache:</u></b></span></span></div>
</div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">service httpd restart</span></span></pre>
<div>
<div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Verify that phpMyAdmin is working by visiting http://the_IP_of_your_server/phpmyadmin. </span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">For example: http://demo.hackthesec.co.in/phpmyadmin</span></span></div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/">www.hackthesec.co.in</a></span></div>
</div>

How to Install and Configure phpMyAdmin on CentOS 6

Install and Configure phpMyAdmin on CentOS phpMyAdmin is a free and open source tool written in PHP intended to handle the administrati...

Linux – Top memory usage by process

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h1 class="entry-title" style="background-color: white; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 40px; margin: 10px 0px; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">
<span style="font-size: x-large;"><u>Linux – Top memory usage by process</u></span></h1>
<div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Here are a couple of commands to help find top memory wasters</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">.</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_Ogf5PmKNi9d9wfqxdw6uOec_fxPD_AsnOZvk2aplKfm27QjBNpGmRUwliyQt0qN0rGSZbGwsQPI3m27mcWp7A9yoWoM7-fj2bmOuOYKSbhoJ2xevlF2Fp_PMzFxgA9GC1CPDKOgJRMDL/s1600/memory-utilization-monitoring-www.hackthesec.co.in.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_Ogf5PmKNi9d9wfqxdw6uOec_fxPD_AsnOZvk2aplKfm27QjBNpGmRUwliyQt0qN0rGSZbGwsQPI3m27mcWp7A9yoWoM7-fj2bmOuOYKSbhoJ2xevlF2Fp_PMzFxgA9GC1CPDKOgJRMDL/s1600/memory-utilization-monitoring-www.hackthesec.co.in.png" /></a></div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white;"><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">
<b><u>Process – Sorted by occupied memory(2 column)1</u></b></div>
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">
<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.42857; margin-bottom: 10.5px; overflow: auto; padding: 10px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;"><code style="background-color: transparent; border-radius: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: inherit; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: inherit; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap;">ps -e -orss=,pid=,args= | sort -nr | head|awk '{print $2"\t"$1/1024"\tMB\t"$3;}'</code></pre>
</div>
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Method 2</u></b></span></div>
<div>
<div>
<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 10.5px; overflow: auto; padding: 10px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, Courier New, monospace;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: pre-wrap;">cat /proc/meminfo |grep MemTotal
echo ' ' | awk '{ system("cat /proc/meminfo |grep MemTotal") }'</span></span></pre>
<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 10.5px; overflow: auto; padding: 10px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, Courier New, monospace;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: pre-wrap;">totalmem=$(cat /proc/meminfo |grep MemTotal | awk '{print $2}');
 
ps -e -orss=,pid=,args= | sort -nr | head|awk '{print $2"\t"$1/1024"\t"$3"\t"$totalmem;}'</span></span></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Disk Usage</u></b></span></span></div>
<div>
<div>
<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 10.5px; overflow: auto; padding: 10px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, Courier New, monospace;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: pre-wrap;">sudo du -hx --max-depth=2 / |egrep "^[0-9\.]+G"
 
# show home directory
echo ' ' | awk '{ system("ls -la ~") }'</span></span></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">
<a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/">www.hackthesec.co.in</a></div>
</span></div>
</div>

Linux – Top memory usage by process

Linux – Top memory usage by process Here are a couple of commands to help find top memory wasters . Process – Sorted by occupied ...

Remote Desktop to Linux Servers

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<h1 class="single-title" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; clear: both; color: #4e4e4e; font-family: 'Myriad Pro', 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 32px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0.3em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<u>Remote Desktop to Linux Servers Ubuntu</u></h1>
<div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Remote Desktop Services (RDS), known as Terminal Services. RDS is Microsoft's implementation of thin client, where Windows software and the entire desktop of the computer running RDS, are made accessible to a remote client machine that supports Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP). With RDS, only software user interfaces are </span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTAnp93KyzjRLj6YF_6flanORVzzlWAOEUSsu7-naJ2RL4ZSsoal_DO4A11B5AlOO4COfJqC6RSsp8SP8JruIutt3sGLzYJreo4pz5rh7Rbk2X3sXsoHwq3PAxHJB9qxac2-T8DAYP7zeX/s1600/rdp-www.hackthesec.co.in.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTAnp93KyzjRLj6YF_6flanORVzzlWAOEUSsu7-naJ2RL4ZSsoal_DO4A11B5AlOO4COfJqC6RSsp8SP8JruIutt3sGLzYJreo4pz5rh7Rbk2X3sXsoHwq3PAxHJB9qxac2-T8DAYP7zeX/s1600/rdp-www.hackthesec.co.in.png" /></a></div>
<div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">transferred to the client system. All input from the client system is transmitted to the server, where software execution takes place</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">.</span></div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>RUN THE FOLLOWING COMMAND</u></b></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: #333333; line-height: 19.2px; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: white; line-height: 15.6px;">[root@hackthesec]# sudo </span><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: lime;">apt-get </span></span><span style="color: white; line-height: 15.6px;">update</span></span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">After That</span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-size: large; line-height: 15.6px;">[root@hackthesec]#</span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #333333; line-height: 19.2px;"><span style="color: white; line-height: 15.6px;"> </span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">sudo apt-get install xrdp</span></span></span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">After That</span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-size: large; line-height: 15.6px;">[root@hackthesec]# </span><span style="color: white; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">echo “gnome-session –session=gnome-classic” > .xsession</span></span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">After That Restart The Demon through following command.</span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-size: large; line-height: 15.6px;">[root@hackthesec]# </span><span style="color: white; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">sudo /etc/init.d/xrdp restart</span></span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">You can use a different session types for the gnome session:</span></span></div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/Ubuntu">ubuntu</a></li>
<li>gnome-classic</li>
<li>gnome-fallback</li>
<li>ubuntu-2d</li>
</ul>
<div>
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>For different desktops </u></b></span></span></div>
</div>
<div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">To use GNOME Fallback ("GNOME Classic (no effects)"): </span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-size: large; line-height: 15.6px;">[root@hackthesec]# </span><span style="color: white; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">echo gnome-session --session=gnome-fallback > ~/.xsession</span></span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">Or, to use Xfce ("Xubuntu Session"):</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-size: large; line-height: 15.6px;">[root@hackthesec]# </span><span style="color: white; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">echo xfce4-session > ~/.xsession</span></span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Or, to use LXDE ("Lubuntu Desktop"):</span></span></div>
<div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">echo lxsession -s Lubuntu -e LXDE > ~/.xsession

echo lxsession -s LXDE -e LXDE > ~/.xsession

/usr/bin/startkde  > .xsession  # for kde desktop

sample .xsession file ;

#gnome-session --session=gnome-classic
#lxsession  -s LXDE -e LXDE
#lightdm --session-child 12 25 
#xfce4-session
/usr/bin/startkde</span></span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/">HackTheSec</a></div>
</div>

Remote Desktop to Linux Servers

Remote Desktop to Linux Servers Ubuntu Remote Desktop Services (RDS), known as Terminal Services. RDS is Microsoft's implementation ...

How To Install Rails and Nginx with Passenger on Ubuntu

How To Install Rails and Nginx with Passenger on Ubuntu

Rails and Nginx with Passenger on Ubuntu Ruby on Rails is an open source web application framework which runs on the Ruby programming l...

How To Deploy Django on Nginx, Gunicorn with Postgres

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<h1 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline" style="background-color: #fdfdfd; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: proxima-nova, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 1.1; margin: 21px 0px 0px;">
<span style="font-size: x-large;"><u>Deploy Django on Nginx, Gunicorn with Postgres</u></span></h1>
<div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Django is a free and open source web application framework, written in Python, which follows the model–view–controller architectural pattern. It is maintained by the Django Software Foundation (DSF) and its primary goal is to ease the creation of complex, database-driven websites.</span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMEGCyo9ljF0oPyw-VbCfDEHZ8qfwqo8gZu_qkOtzo7ic2pvoDaAY40thEUwjoSSB5f_THjDcq1cgFVapXjnWNhI6iOQLMzvgPepD_XpWJpZtPsORy6Luawzr8sZA21DmK-RxxC__7P85w/s1600/django_with_postgres_tw-www.hackthesec.co.in.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMEGCyo9ljF0oPyw-VbCfDEHZ8qfwqo8gZu_qkOtzo7ic2pvoDaAY40thEUwjoSSB5f_THjDcq1cgFVapXjnWNhI6iOQLMzvgPepD_XpWJpZtPsORy6Luawzr8sZA21DmK-RxxC__7P85w/s1600/django_with_postgres_tw-www.hackthesec.co.in.jpg" /></a></div>
<div>
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">This tutorial applies to <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/Debian">Debian 7</a>. (but might work on the similar distributions). Before we start with the installation, we need to make sure that our system and our repositories are up to date and then we need to install and create <b>virtualenv</b></span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">.</span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: large;"><pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); line-height: 15.6px; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><span style="color: white;"># sudo apt-get update
# sudo apt-get upgrade
</span><span style="color: lime;"># sudo apt-get install python-virtualenv
# sudo virtualenv /opt/virtuale</span></pre>
</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">
We have now created the directory which will be the home for <b>virtualenv</b>. Before we proceed with Python packages installation, we need to activate our virtualenv.</div>
<div style="font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; line-height: 26px;">
<div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: normal;">
<span style="color: lime; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: large;"><pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); line-height: 15.6px; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"># source /opt/virtualenv/bin/activate</pre>
</span></div>
<div style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: normal;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: large;"></span></div>
</div>
<div>
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">We will now notice that see that (<b>virtualenv</b>) has been appended to the beginning of the terminal prompt. This will help us know when our virtualenv is active and which virtualenv is active Now it is time to install <b>Django</b>. To do this, we will use pip, a Python package manager much like easy_install:</span></div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;"># pip </span><span style="color: lime;">install django</span></span></pre>
</span></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">We now have Django installed. The next step is the database. Most Django users prefer to use <u><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/PostgreSQL">PostgreSQL</a></u> as their database server. It is much more robust than MySQL and the Django ORM works much better with PostgreSQL than <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/Mysql">MySQL</a>, MSSQL, or others. We don’t need Virtualenv active for PostgreSQL installation, so we can deactivate it:</span></div>
<div>
<div>
<span style="color: white; font-size: large;"><pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"># deactivate</span></pre>
<div style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: large;">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Then we need to install dependencies for PostgreSQL to work with Django and install PostgreSQL database service:</span></div>
</span></div>
</div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;"># sudo apt-get install libpq-dev python-dev
# sudo apt-get install </span><span style="color: lime;">postgresql postgresql-contrib</span></span></pre>
</div>
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/PostgreSQL">PostgreSQL </a>is now installed. Next thing to install is <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/NGINX">nginx</a>. We will use nginx as web server, since it fast, light-weight server and compatible with Python. To install it, we simply execute:</span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;"># sudo </span><span style="color: orange;">apt-get install nginx</span></span></pre>
</div>
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Gunicorn is a very powerful Python WSGI HTTP Server. It is a Python package we need to first activate our virtualenv to install it. With our virtualenv active, we are going to run this command:</span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;"># source /opt/myenv/bin/activate
</span><span style="color: lime;"># pip install gunicorn</span></span></pre>
</div>
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Gunicorn is now installed in our virtualenv. At this point we have everything we need installed. Now, we need to proceed with the services configuration process. We will start our configuration with <b>PostgreSQL</b>. With PostgreSQL we need to create a database, create a user, and grant the user we created access to the database we created. Start off by running the following command:</span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;"># sudo su – </span><span style="color: lime;">postgres</span></span></pre>
</div>
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Then, we run this command to create your database and once we have now a database that is named newdb, we will create database user:</span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: lime;"># created newdb
</span><span style="color: white;"># createuser –P</span></span></pre>
</div>
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">We will get a series of 6 prompts during the process. The first one will ask you for the name of the new user. The next two prompts are for our password and confirmation of password for the new user. For the last 3 prompts just enter “n” and hit “enter”. This just ensures your new users only has access to what you give it access to and nothing else. Now we can start <b>PostgreSQL</b> console and set access for the new user that we just created:</span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: orange;"># psql
</span><span style="color: lime;"># GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE newdb TO newuser;</span></span></pre>
</div>
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Now that we have database with user that is able to access it, we need to set those parameters in our Django project. We are going to create new Django project. In order to do that, we need to change to virtualenv directory, activate it and then create new project:</span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;"># cd /opt/myenv
</span><span style="color: lime;"># source /opt/myenv/bin/activate
</span><span style="color: white;"># django-admin.py startproject newproject</span></span></pre>
</div>
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">We should be able to see a new directory called “newproject” inside our virtualenv directory. This is where our new Django project files live. In order for our project to be able to talk to our database we need to install a additional packages with using pip (while virtualenv still active).</span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;"># pip install </span><span style="color: lime;">psycopg2</span></span></pre>
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<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Now, we change into our new project’s directory and edit <b>settings.py</b> file using our favorite editor. The database settings in the file should look like:</span></div>
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">
<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.42857; margin-bottom: 10.5px; overflow: auto; padding: 10px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;"><code style="background-color: transparent; border-radius: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: inherit; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: inherit; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap;">   DATABASES = {
        'default': {
            'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2', # Add 'postgresql_psycopg2', 'mysql', 'sqlite3' or 'oracle'.
            'NAME': 'newdb',                      # Or path to database file if using sqlite3.
            # The following settings are not used with sqlite3:
            'USER': 'newuser',
            'PASSWORD': 'password',
            'HOST': 'localhost',                      # Empty for localhost through domain sockets or           '127.0.0.1' for localhost through TCP.
            'PORT': '',                      # Set to empty string for default.
        }</code></pre>
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<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Now, we should move to our main project directory and make sure virtualenv is activated. Once we make sure that virtualenv is active, we can run the following command so that Django can add its initial configuration and other tables to our database:</span></div>
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<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: orange;"># cd /opt/virtualenv/newproject
</span><span style="color: white;"># source /opt/myenv/bin/activate
</span><span style="color: lime;"># python manage.py syncdb</span></span></pre>
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<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">We should get some output describing what tables were installed, followed by a prompt asking if you want to create a superuser. This is optional and depends on if we want to use Django’s authentication system or the Django admin.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Gunicorn configuration is very specific to our applications needs. First we will go over running Gunicorn with default settings. Here is the command to just run default Gunicorn:</span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;"># gunicorn_django --bind </span><span style="color: lime;">**your-fully-qualified-domain-name.com**:8001</span></span></pre>
<div style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">If we now point our browser to our-fully-qualified-domain-name.com:8001, we should get the Django welcome screen. Using the command above, we started one worker process only. In production environment we will need more than one. We can control the number of processes from the command line, so if we want to start 5 worker processes, the command will be:</span></div>
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</div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"># gunicorn_django –workers=5 --bind **your-fully-qualified-domain-name.com**:8001</span></span></pre>
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<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">If we want to rung Gunicorn and user other than root, then we have:</span></div>
<div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;"># gunicorn_django -</span><span style="color: lime;">-workers=5 --user=nobody --bind **your-fully-</span><span style="color: white;">qualified-domain-name.com**:8001</span></span></pre>
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<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Since we might end up having a lot of different input parameters, it is better if we just create configuration file and use that when starting Gunicorn. We can create our configuration file in virtualenv directory for example (<b>/opt/virtualenv/gunicorn_cfg.py</b>), and put the following configuration for the setting we used before:</span></div>
<div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white;">command = '/opt/myenv/bin/gunicorn'
pythonpath = '/opt/myenv/myproject'
</span><span style="color: lime;">bind = '127.0.0.1:8001'
</span><span style="color: white;">workers = 5
user = 'nobody'</span></span></pre>
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<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Now, if we want to run the server, we should execute the following command:</span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"># /opt/myenv/bin/gunicorn -c /opt/myenv/gunicorn_config.py myproject.wsgi</span><span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">
</span></span></span></pre>
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">The “-c” flag, tells gunicorn that we have a config file we want to use, which we pass in just after the “-c” flag. We also pass in a Python dotted notation reference to our WSGI file so that Gunicorn knows where our WSGI file is. For further information about Gunicorn, please read the Gunicorn documentation found at gunicorn.org for more on this topic.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">The last thing we need to do is to configure nginx. Since we are only setting <b><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/NGINX">NGINX</a> </b>to handle static files we need to first decide where our static files will be stored. We should open our <b>settings.py</b> file for our <b>Django </b>project and edit the <b>STATIC_ROOT</b> line to look like this:</span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: orange;">STATIC_ROOT</span><span style="color: white;"> = "/opt/virtualenv/static/"</span></span></pre>
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<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Now that you’ve set up where your static files will be located, we need to configure NGINX to handle the static files and be able to connect to Gunicorn. We should create a new file named <b>/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/newproject</b> and put the following content inside:</span></div>
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">
<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.42857; margin-bottom: 10.5px; overflow: auto; padding: 10px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;"><code style="background-color: transparent; border-radius: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: inherit; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: inherit; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap;">server {
    server_name **your-fully-qualified-domain-name.com**;

access_log off;

location /static/ {
        alias /opt/virtualenv/static/;
    }

location / {
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8001;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        add_header P3P 'CP="ALL DSP COR PSAa PSDa OUR NOR ONL UNI COM NAV"';
    }
}</code></pre>
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<div style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">In order to apply settings, we need to restart Nginx and we are good to go:</span></div>
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<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: lime;"># sudo service nginx restart</span></span></pre>
<div style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">
<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">We are done are ready to go now. We can repeated the procedure for creating new application, have another Gunicorn instance running on another port and have additional nginx configuration file</span></div>
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</span></div>
<div>
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How To Deploy Django on Nginx, Gunicorn with Postgres

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