Shell Script to Backup Files / Directories Using rsync

Backup Files / Directories Using rsync

rsync command easily backup your home directory to local secondary hard disk or remote server using ssh protocol. rsync is a software application for Linux and Unix systems which synchronizes files and directories from one location to another while minimizing data transfer using delta encoding when appropriate.

We are going to backup bckup.txt, dataconfig.txt, docs and oracledb.

[root@hackthesec tmp]# ls -l
total 12
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 May 15 10:43 bckrsync.sh
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 May 15 10:44 bckup.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 May 15 10:46 dataconfig.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 May 15 10:45 docs
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 May 15 10:44 oracledb

This file contains backup files / dir details

[root@hackthesec tmp]# cat /tmp/bckup.txt
/tmp/oracledb
/tmp/dataconfig.txt
/tmp/docs

Script 1

#!/bin/bash

#We will save path to backup file in variable
backupf='/tmp/bckup.txt'

#Next line just prints message
echo "Shell Script Backup Your Files / Directories Using rsync"

#next line check if entered value is not null, and if null it will reask user to enter Destination Server
while [ x$desthost = "x" ]; do

#next line prints what userd should enter, and stores entered value to variable with name desthost
read -p "Destination backup Server : " desthost

#next line finishes while loop
done

#next line check if entered value is not null, and if null it will reask user to enter Destination Path
while [ x$destpath = "x" ]; do

#next line prints what userd should enter, and stores entered value to variable with name destpath
read -p "Destination Folder : " destpath

#next line finishes while loop
done

#Next line will start reading backup file line by line
for line in `cat $backupf`

#and on each line will execute next
do

#print message that file/dir will be copied
echo "Copying $line ... "
#copy via rsync file/dir to destination

rsync -ar "$line" "$desthost":"$destpath"

#this line just print done
echo "DONE"

#end of reading backup file
done

Running the script with output

[root@hackthesec tmp]# ./bckrsync.sh
Shell Script Backup Your Files / Directories Using rsync
Destination backup Server : 104.*.*.41
Destination Folder : /tmp
Copying /tmp/oracledb ...
The authenticity of host '104.*.*.41 (104.*.*.41)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is 96:11:61:17:7f:fa:......
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '104.*.*.41' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@104.*.*.41's password:
DONE
Copying /tmp/dataconfig.txt ...
root@104.*.*.41's password:
DONE
Copying /tmp/docs ...
root@104.*.*.41's password:
DONE
[root@Fedora21 tmp]#

Script 2 :

#!/bin/bash

#We will save path to backup file in variable
backupf='/tmp/bckup.txt'

#Next line just prints message
echo "Shell Script Backup Your Files / Directories Using rsync"

#next line check if entered value is not null, and if null it will reask user to enter Destination Server
while [ x$desthost = "x" ]; do

#next line prints what userd should enter, and stores entered value to variable with name desthost
read -p "Destination backup Server : " desthost

#next line finishes while loop
done

#next line check if entered value is not null, and if null it will reask user to enter Destination Path
while [ x$destpath = "x" ]; do

#next line prints what userd should enter, and stores entered value to variable with name destpath
read -p "Destination Folder : " destpath

#next line finishes while loop
done

#next line check if entered value is not null, and if null it will reask user to enter password
while [ x$password = "x" ]; do
#next line prints what userd should enter, and stores entered value to variable with name password. #To hide password we are using -s key
read -sp "Password : " password
#next line finishes while loop
done

#Next line will start reading backup file line by line
for line in `cat $backupf`

#and on each line will execute next
do

#print message that file/dir will be copied
echo "Copying $line ... "
#we will use expect tool to enter password inside script
/usr/bin/expect << EOD
#next line set timeout to -1, recommended to use
set timeout -1
#copy via rsync file/dir to destination, using part of expect — spawn command

spawn rsync -ar ${line} ${desthost}:${destpath}
#as result of previous command we expect “password” promtp
expect "*?assword:*"
#next command enters password from script
send "${password}\r"
#next command tells that we expect end of file (everything finished on remote server)
expect eof
#end of expect pard
EOD
#this line just print done
echo "DONE"

#end of reading backup file
done

Script 3: 

Normal Method Through terminalTask: Backup /home/hackthesec to /mnt/usbdri

$ rsync -au /home/hackthesec /mnt/usbdri

To delete files in backup directory that no longer exist in directory being backed up, enter:

$ rsync -au --delete /home/hackthesec /mnt/usbdri

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